476
NOTES AND QUERIES. [i2s.vn.DEc.ii, i2o.
but the pens remained some few years until
the whole area was re-arranged, and the
meat -market built and inaugurated Tuesday,
Nov. 24, 1868.
One of the best illustrations of Smithfield as a cattle-market is provided in a con- temporary advertising sheet issued by a local firm of Tent and Rick-Cloth Makers. ALECK ABRAHAMS.
I learnt very much about costume, when quite young, because I was constantly looking at copies of Punch and The Illus- trated London News. This took place over fifty years ago. I feel sure that MB. BARKER will be able to obtain an approximate date, as regards the top-hat of the police, and the Smithfield cattle-pens, if he consults the above. Was there not a political cartoon in Punch which showed the pens ?
HERBERT SOUTH AM.
London policemen (and postmen) certainly wore tall hats in 1854. Punch's Almanack for that year presents a procession of six, so adorned. The cut is labelled, " The Police wear Beards and Moustaches : Panic amongst the Street Boys." Helmets were in by 1864. As regards Smithfield, Hare observes ('Walks in London,' vol. i. p. 143) :
"The market for living animals was trans- ferred to Copenhagen Fields in 1852 and the New Market was begun in 1857 on its site."
ST. S WITHIN.
In The Illustrated London News of Nov. 18, 1859, in a picture of the Lord Mayor's Show, the "peelers" are wearing tall hats. MR. G. L. BARKER (born in 1854) might therefore well remember them.
On the other hand with regard to the Smithfield cattle-pens the last market at Smithfield was held on June 11, 1855 the new market at Copenhangen Fields opening two days later. I do not think MR. BARKER can recall Smithfield Market, but it is possible the pens remained there for a time though unused. W. COURTHOP'E FORMAN.
MR. BARKER may well recall the police of the Metropolis 'in their blue swallow tails and glazed toppers with white ducks in summer as he appears to have resided in London from 1854 to 1868. That was their uniform from the time of their establishment by Sir Robert Peel in 1829 down to 1864, when it was replaced by tunics and helmets in September of that year, though the new uniform had been
assigned to several of the higher rank 8 '
some six mouths previously. Punch devoted
a facetious page of illustrations of ther
helmets on different sized heads, and sug-
gested designs for their amelioration, in his
issue of Feb. 25, 1865, while cartoons of
Tenniel's in Punch of May 14 and Oct. 29,,
1864, clothe John Bull in the two different
uniforms respectively.
It is conceivable that MR. BARKER may,, as a small boy, have seen some of the residue of the pens in which live cattle were con- fined in Smithfield Market, but it was finally closed as a market for live cattle on. June 11, 1855, and transferred to the Copenhagen fields off the Caledonian Road~
WlLLOUGHBY MAYCOCK.
Compton Down, near Winchester.
SNIPE IN BELGRAVE SQUARE (12 S'.. vii. 390, 437). Some forty-five years ago- a General Freeman, then aged 70-80, said that as a young man he often shot snipe in. the modern Belgravia, and my father said in reply that wishing to get Ansdell to paint a dog of his he rode to Hyde Park Corner, jumped a hedge and then had only open fields till he reached the labourer's cottage- in which the painter had taken up his abode.
Roughly the two dates might be 1820 and 1850. OLD SARUM.
"ASSOCIATION BOOKS " (12 S. vii. 408). "Association Books,' by which is meant books- possessing an additional interest by reason of their former association with some notability, such association being evident by autographs, corrections- annotations, additions or binding." This definition given by Mr. P. B. M. Allan, in ' The Book-hunter at Home,' London, 1920, would be hard to improve upon- Count Reviczky, 1737-1793, whose collection was purchased by Lord Spencer and thus found its \va,y into the Rylands Library, had an. abhorrence of books with manuscript notes, no matter how illustrious the hand from which they came, and until recently a very large number of collectors followed him. Nowadays, there are many collectors who specialize in books containing such, notes. Mr. A. Edward Newton of Dayles- ford, Penn,, is an enthusiastic collector of them, and his charming book ' The Amenities of Book Collecting,' published in America some two years ago and recently published in London, contains a whole chapter devoted! to this subject. The first book mentioned' in this chapter is a book not in his collection, a copy of Gray's 'Elegy,' which was pre-
