9-s.VLAco.il. igoo.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 113 stated above that their accentuation upon the last syllable was obsolete, there are still traces of it in colloquial usage, and it is all but universal in poetry. As to inundate, demonstrate, the rule upon which these pro- nunciations rest—namely, that a long pen- ultimate attracts the stress—is a sound one when restricted to'the classical tongues; but Englishmen are too fond of extending it, firstly, to classical words like these, which have been so truncated in the process of Anglicization that it is no longer in harmony with them ; secondly, to foreign words or names indiscriminately. Thus, in London, we hear of Ariindel Street for A'rundel, of Trafalgar Square and Wor6nzow Road for Trafalgar and Woronz6w, of Imre Kiralfy for Klralfy; our grocer recommends Paysandu ox-tongues for Paysandu ; our librarian a novel called 'Katfnka' for 'Katinka'; we read from the ' Arabian Nights ' of Aladdin and Alasnam and Alnaschar for Aladdin, Alasnam, Alnaschar ; in African politics we discuss Bambarros and Namaquas for Bam- barras, Namaquas, the battles of K&ssassin and Omdiirman for Kassassin and Omdur- man; in the Greco-Turkish war we spoke of Larissa for Larissa; our pronouncing gazet- teers give Cettinje and Spalatro for Cettinje and Spalatro. Gibraltar and Santander for Gibraltar ana Santander ; to say nothing of the Russian Bukhtarma and Kabarda, Vitchegda and Vol6gda, for Bukhtarma and Kabaraa, Vitchegda and Vologda: and the list might be indefinitely extended. The Saxon habitually mispronounces such Irish names as Con611y, • Cost<$llo, Donnelly, Mor- rissey (should be C6nolly, C6stello, D6nnelly, M6rrissey),and place-names such as Muskerry (should 'be Muskerry). JAS. PLATT, Jun. There is no definite rule as to accent, for accent in English has varied from year to year, and from county to county. I must agree with MR. INGLEBY as to in'undate, which I have never heard as inundate; yet if I were in doubt I should follow in accen- tuation the Latin quantity in words of Latin derivation, and this would give the latter sound. Thus, where in the dictionary we have a choice of quotations giving irre'meable and irreme'able} I should prefer the former, and escape an vrremeabilis error. But I must part company with MK. INGLEBY whenwecometp<&»K9w«<ra<e. I have never said demonstrate, still lessdem'onstrate,ina.] my life, which dates from the last year of George 111., nor did I ever hear, to the best of my memory, any one say it till about 1885 (DR. MURRAY'S date), when the late Mr. Thomas Collett Sandars, chairman of the Mexican Railway, used it in my hearing and to my surprise. At home, at school, at college, and until that day I had always heard demon'strate. That this was not a new invention lago can prove (' Othello,' III. iii.):— And this may help to thicken other proofs That do demonstrate thinly. As to rem'onstrate, I h^,ve heard it once., and do not wish to hear it again ; but in driving the accent back from the root word it is no greater a sinner than its companion demon- strate. ALDENHAM. St. Dunstan's. " DORP " (9th S. v. 493).—This use of " dorp " occurs in Dalrymple's translation of Leslie's 'History of Scotland,' 1596 (Scottish Text Society), e.g., vol. ii. p. 143, "burnis vp hous, village and dorp"; p. 294, "in Dundei, Abir- dine, and in s_um vtheris tounes and dorpes ": p. 314, "tounis and clachanis, w' dorpe ana village"; p. 96, "tounis, Dorpis, and the cuntrie about tha Spoyljie." Father James Dalrymple was a monk of St. James's, Ratisbon, where he lived for many years, and where he wrote his trans- lation. D. T. H. This word will be found in the 'New World of Words,' by Edward Phillips, 1720 ; Rev. Thomas Dyche's 'Dictionary,' 1754; N. Bailey's, 1759; and Dr. Ash's, 1775. Arch- deacon Nares in his ' Glossary' gives the following illustrations of the use of the word :— The captains of this rascal cow'rdly rout Were Isambert of Agincourt, at hand ; Riflant of Clunass, a dorp thereabout, &c. Drayton, ' Battle of Agincourt' (1627). And dorpt and bridges quite away should bear. Urayton, ' Moone.' And so it fell out with that ruin'd dorpe, or ilet (Old Yarmouth)."—Thos. Nash, 'Lenten Stuff' (1592). " Amsterdam, a town I believe, that there are few ler fellows, being from a mean fishing dorp come to je one of the greatest marts in Europe."—Howell's Letters'(1646). All the ••'"./' bores with terror fled. Chapman's ' Iliad' (1596). EVEEAED HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road. May I suggest reference to the 'New English Dictionary '? Q. V. THE OLDEST TRADING CORPORATION (6th S. vi. 288, 456, 479 ; 9th S. v. 345 ; vi. 13).— ME. CLAYTON'S valuable article may be im- proved by a note that the Levant Company was dissolved in 1825. See the particulars at pp. 39, 40 of Mr. J. Theodore Bent's intro-
