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THE SNOW BUNTING
Emberiza nivalis, Linn.
PLATE CLXXXIX. Adult and Young.
As soon as the cold blasts of wintei* have stiffened the earth's surface, and brought with them the first snow-clouds, millions of these birds, driven before the pitiless storm, make their way towards milder climes. Their wings seem scarcely able to support their exhausted, nay almost congealed bodies, which seem little larger than the great feathery flakes of the substance from which these delicate creatures have borrowed their name. In compressed squadrons they are seen anxiously engaged in at- tempting to overcome the difficulties which beset them amid their perilous adventures. They now glide low over the earth, relax the closeness of their phalanx, and with amazing swiftness sweep over the country in search of that food, Avithout which they must all shortly perish. Dis- appointed in their endeavours, the travellers again ascend, close their files, and continue their journey. At last, when nearly exhausted by fatigue and hunger, some leader espies the wished-for land, not yet buried in snow. Joyful notes are heard from the famished voyagers, while with relaxed flight, and wings and tail expanded, they float as it were in broad circles, towards the spot where they are to find relief. They alight, dis- perse, run nimbly in masses from the foot of one corn stalk to the next, scratch the ground here, pick up a dormant insect there, or nibble the small seeds of the withered grass, mixing them with a portion of gravel. Now two meet, and contend for the scanty morsel ; the weaker gives way, for hunger, it seems, acts on birds as on other beings, rendering them sel- fish and unfeeling.
The Snow Birds enter the eastern portions of the Union sometimes early in November, and remain in such parts as suit them best until the montli of March. They now and then alight on trees, frequently on fences, and sometimes on the roofs of low buildings, in such compact bodies or con- tinued lines, as to render it easy for the sportsman who may be inclined to shoot them, to procure a great number at once.
This species, while in the United States, never enters the woods, but pi-efers either the barreny portions of our elevated table-lands, or the vi-
