tinople. They were Cardinal Humbert, Cardinal Frederick, the Chancellor of the Roman Church, Leo's cousin[1] and Peter, Archbishop of Amalphi. It was the last Embassy that went from Rome to Constantinople.[2] Meanwhile the Emperor Constantine IX was exceedingly annoyed at the whole disturbance. He did not want a schism in the least; he did not care what sort of bread the Latins use, nor what they eat on Saturday, he wanted the Pope to help him fight the Normans. So he still hopes it will all be made up; he receives the Legates with great honour and lodges them in one of his own palaces. But Cerularius has quite recovered from his idea of an alliance with the Pope; the letter that these Legates brought for him doubtless helped the recovery. He is now very angry at their behaviour. The immemorial custom is for a Papal Legate to take the position of the Pope himself. He is the Pope's representative and alter ego. We have seen (Chap. II, pp. 75–81) that the Legates presided at general councils, taking rank before all the patriarchs. But Cerularius wants these Legates to sit below, not only himself, but all his Metropolitans too. That they refuse to do so, that they do not prostrate themselves before him and that they bear their crosiers in his diocese are the injuries he complains of to Peter of Antioch.[3] Because of these three points he describes their conduct as "so great insolence, boastfulness, rashness," and says that they have an "arrogant proud spirit" and are "stupid."[4] Several weeks pass in discussion. Cardinal Humbert composes a "Dialogue between a Roman and a Constantinopolitan," in which he quite temperately answers their charge of Judaism in our customs;[5] and an answer to the treatise of Niketas Stethatos.[6] This answer is not temperate. He writes as violently as any Byzantine, and
- ↑ He afterwards became Pope himself—Stephen IX, 1057–1058.
- ↑ That is, the last ecclesiastical embassy. There were civil negotiations after the schism.
- ↑ Will, o.c. p. 177. Legates always bear their crosiers wherever they go as Legates. They are for the time delegated with a share in their master's universal jurisdiction.
- ↑ Ibid.
- ↑ Ibid. o.c. pp. 93–126. There are one or two sharp expressions.
- ↑ Ibid. o.c. pp. 136–150.
