��OUTLINES OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
��The atomic volumes adopted in this new system are :
��dig • • •
C • . •
n ... O intra-radical .
��O extra-radical .
��At 15°0.
��Remarks
��15-97 at 0°, 1713 at 100°C.
��Oxygen doubly linked to carbon, either to one carbon atom or to two different carbon atoms.
This value becomes 0*4 when OH is fixed on to a carbon atom to which a doubly linked oxygen atom is attached, or when the neigh- bouring carbon atom has a hy- droxyl attached to it.
��From the study of a large number of series of organic liquids of very different natures (chlorides, bromides, iodides, nitriles, ethers, acid chlorides, anhydrides, sul- phides, amines, &c.) Trcmbe has deduced the following atomic volumes more or less approximately :
��S (sulphhydryl, sulpho-
��The following numbers must be deducted to allow for ring formation and double and treble linking :
��For a hexamethylene ring For a double linkage . For a treble linkage . For a benzene ring . 13-2 = (- 8-1 + (3 x -1*7)).
��By means of these" values (more or less corrected if the density of the substance has been taken at a temperature
��The constant a having the same value (^3) as for gases, we see that the idea of absolute temperature can be deduced from the properties of liquids and solids as well as from those of gases.
�� �