involving Europe in a world war, that is, the fu- tility of the attempt to localize the struggle in Servia, is practically admitted in the statement of the German White Book, issued August 3, 1914, to the following effect: "We were aware of the fact that warlike undertaking against Ser- via would bring Russia into the war and that therefore our duty as an ally might entangle us likewise. We could, however, not advise our Ally to yield in a manner incompatible with its dignity, nor could we deny our assistance at this difficult moment."
Austria-Hungary had judged that it would be incompatible with its dignity and honor to submit the Servian matter to arbitration. This illus- trates a very characteristic feature of contempo- rary diplomacy, still adhering to the traditions and prejudices of the past. The term "honor" is one that is not translatable into terms which can be reasoned about. It is in fact a direct descendant of the conception of "honor" during the eighteenth century, in the code of the duelist. Men constantly translate the concepts of their private life into public affairs, and to these men who at Vienna, Petersburg and Berlin, had the destiny of the world in their hands, honor was an indefinable term which could be felt but not
