256
INDEX
- Icebergs, Antarctic, 26–27, 35–38, 42–53; Arctic, 44; danger to ships, 47–53; effect on density of water, 177; weathering of, 39–40
- Ice-cap, formation of, 34–35
- Invertebrate life, 146–152, 155–168
- Kerguelen, 90, 141, 143
- Kites for meteorological purposes, 207–210
- Lichens in Antarctic, 95
- Lime-Juice, 105–106
- Magnetic observations, 217, 219, 222–224
- Markham, Admiral A. H., 124, 177
- Melting of snow, 68–69
- Meteorological work, importance of, 193–195, 197–199, 202
- Meteorology of high atmosphere, 207–216
- Michael Sars, 181
- Mid-Atlantic rise, 174, 249–250
- Monaco, Prince of, 158, 166–167, 170, 178, 208–216, 242
- Monsoons, relation of, to meteorology of Polar regions, 197, 202– 203
- Moose, 121
- Mosses in Antarctic, 94
- Motor-power on sledge journeys, 253–254
- Musk-ox, 116
- Nansen, Dr. F., 77, 112–114, 170, 176, 178, 200
- Névé 34–35, 38–42
- Nimrod, 187. See also Shackleton
- Nordenskjold, Baron A. E., 166, 170, 178–179, 180
- Nordenskjold, Dr. Otto, 38, 41–42, 126, 195–196, 229
- Novaya Zemlya, 81, 96, 100, 179, 181, 200
- Observations at the Poles, 11–14
- Ocean currents, 77, 188–190, 200. See also Currents
- Oceanographical research, 149–168, 160–192
- Pack ice, 60–68; danger of, 63–64
- Pancake ice, 57–58
- Peary, Admiral R. E., 170, 176, 202
- Penguins, 137–141
- Petrels, 142–145
- Pole hunting, 236
- Pourquoi Pas?, 94, 149, 164–165, 172, 190
- Red snow, 81–83
- Reindeer, 118
- Ross Barrier, 22, 36–43
- Ross Sea, 19, 36–43
- Rotifers, tenacity of life of, 84–85
- Salinity of sea, 177, 185
- Salt in sea-ice, 59–60, 70–71
- Scenery amid ice, 15–17, 26–31, 72–74
- Scotia, 24, 32, 52–53, 63, 95, 149, 160–161, 171–175, 184–187, 189, 191, 193–198, 207–208, 233–235
- Scott, Captain, R. F., 37, 38–39, 187, 252
- Scottish Antarctic Expedition, 141–142, 152–163, 186, 195, 218, 248, 254. See also Scotia
- Scurvy, 104–108
- Scurvy grass, 97–102
- Sea elephant, 131
- Seaweed, 88–89
- Seals, Antarctic, 131–132; Arctic, 130, 132–133
- Shackleton, Sir Ernest, 19, 37, 127, 188, 218, 234, 252
- Soundings, difficulty of, 173
- South Georgia, 90, 128, 142, 174, 198
- Southern Ocean, 25, 32
- Spitsbergen, 45, 81, 85, 91, 96, 99, 101, 102, 120, 122–124, 129, 177, 178, 181, 201–202, 211, 215, 243
- Temperature, lowest recorded, 33
- Temperature of sea, 54, 177–178, 182–185
- Termination Land, 23, 171
- Terns, 146
- Thermometers, exposure of, 203–206
- Thunderstorms and auroræ, 220–221
- Tidal observations, 233–235
- Townets, 159–160
- Trawling, deep sea, 151–158, 161–162, 186
- Unicorn, 130
- Victoria Land, 21–22, 94
- Walrus, 132
- Water, supply of drinking, 68–70
- Weddell Sea, 19, 24, 37, 43, 171–173, 186, 191–192, 197, 203, 252
- Whales in Antarctic, 127–129; in Arctic, 129–130
- "White ice," 56
- Wilhelm Land, 23–24, 94
