capacity than those in which the breadth is considerable; but the exceptions are so common that they disprove the rule. Among the earliest men whose remains have been found in Europe, there was no appreciable difference from the present living populations. In many cases these prehistoric men even surpassed the present population in the size of the head. The peasant and the philosopher can not be distinguished in this respect. For the same reason the striking difference between the sexes, the head of the man being considerably larger than that of the woman, means nothing more than avoirdupois; or rather it seems merely to be correlated with the taller stature and more massive frame of the human male. Turning to the world map[1] on the next page, showing the geographical distribution of the several types
Lapp, Scandinavia. |
Piedmont, Northern Italy. |
Bavarian Tyrol. |
of head form which we have described, the first fact which impresses itself is of the violent contrasts in the eastern hemisphere between Europe-Asia, and the two southern continents Africa and Australia. Our two double portraits on pages 584 and 585 of the broad-headed, round-faced Asiatic and of the dolichocephalic, long-faced negro will serve as exam-
- ↑ This map is constructed primarily from data on living men, sufficient in amount to eliminate the effect of chance. Among a host of other authorities special mention should be made of Drs. Boas, on North America; Sören Hansen and Bessels, on the Eskimos; von den Stemen, Ten Kate, and Martin, on South America; Collignon, Berenger-Feraud, Deniker, and Laloy, on Africa; Sommier and Mantegazza, on northern, Chantre and Ujfalvy, on western Asia; Risley, on India; Lubbers, Ten Kate,
