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Trinity Prlector, whose right hand he continued to be n every
way during the whole of his stay at Cambridge. His energy and
talents, and especially his personal qualities, did much to advance
and render popular the then growing School of Natural Science in
the University. At that time there was, perhaps, a tendency on the
part of the undergraduate to depreciate natural and, especially, bio-
logical science, and to regard it as something not quite academical
Martin, by his bright ways, won among his fellows sympathy for his
line of study, and showed them, by cntering into all their pursuits
(he became for instance, President of the Union and Captain of the
Volunteers) that the natural science student was in no respects
inferior to the others.
In Cambridge, as in London, his career was distinguished. He gained the first place in the Natural Science Tripos of 1873, the second place being taken by Francis M. Balfour; at that time the position in the Tripos was determined by the aggregate of marks in all the subjects. While at Cambridge he took the B.Sc. and M.B London, gaining in the former the scholarship in Zoology; he pro ceeded later to the D.Sc., being the first to take that degree in Physiology. So soon as, or even before, he had takeu his degree, he began to devote some time to research, though that time, owing to the necessity under which he lay of making money by teaching, was limited; his first publication was a little paper of the structure of the olfactory membrane, which appeared in the 'Journal of Anatomy and Physiology for 1873.
In the summer of 1874 he assisted the Trinity Prælector in introducing into Cambridge the conrse of Elementary Biology, whieh the late Professor Huxley had initiated at the Royal College of Science during the proceding year. He subsequently acted as assistant in the same course to Professor Huxley himself. One result of this was that he prepared, under Huxley's supervision, a text-book of the course whiclh, under their names, appeared with the title 'Practical Biology, and which has since been so largely used.
In 1874 he was made Fellow of his College, and giving himself up with enthusiasm to the development of natural and, especially, of biologic science at the University, was looking forward to a scientific career in England, if not at Cambridge. About that time, however, the Johus Hopkins University at Baltimore was being established, and such was the impression made by Martin upon those with whom he came in contact, among others Dr. Gilman, of Baltimore, that in 1876 he was invited to become the first occupant of the Chair of Biology which had been founded in the Johns Hopkins University. This offer he accepted, and thus nearly the whole of his scientific career was passed in America. He went out prepared to develop in his new home the higher teaching of biologic science, especially that
