the Inactivity of these Elements.” By William Ramsay, Ph.D., F.R.S., and J. N o r m a n C o l l ie , Ph.D., F.R.S.E.
Received April 22,—Read May 21, 1893.To chronicle a list of failures is not an agreeable task; and yet it is sometimes necessary, in order that the record of the behaviour of newly discovered substances may be a complete one. It is with this object that we place on record an account of a number of experiments made to test the possibility of forming compounds of helium and argon.
It will be remembered that in our memoir on Argon,# Lord Rayleigh and Professor Ramsay described numerous experiments, made in the hope of inducing argon to combine, all of which yielded negative results. Two further experiments have been since made—again without success.
1. The electric arc was maintained for several' hours in an atmosphere of argon. The electrodes were thin pencils of gas carbon, and, previous to the introduction of the argon, the arc was made in a vacuum, and all gas evolved was removed by pumping. Argon was then admitted up to a known pressure, and the arc was again made. A slow expansion took place; one of the electrodes diminished in length, and the bulb became coated with a black deposit. The resulting gas was treated with caustic soda and with a solution of ammoniacal cuprous chloride, and, on transference to a vacuum-tube, it showed the spectrum of argon along with a spectrum resembling that of hydrocarbons. Having to leave off work at this stage, a short note was sent to the ‘ Chemical News ’ on a Possible Compound of Argon. On resuming work after the holidays, the gas was again investigated, and, on sparking with oxygen, carbon dioxide was produced. But it was thought right again to treat the gas with cuprous chloride in presence of ammonia, and it now appeared that when left for a sufficient time in contact with a strong solution, considerable contraction took place, carbonic oxide being removed. There can, therefore, be no doubt that, although apparently all gas had been removed from the carbon electrodes before admitting argon, some carbon dioxide must have been still occluded, probably in the upper part of the electrodes, and that the prolonged heating due to the arc had expelled this gas and converted it into monoxide. It was, indeed, inexplicable how an expansion should have taken place unless by some such means; for the combination of a monatomic gas must necessarily be accompanied by contraction. It appears, therefore, certain that argon and carbon do not combine, even at
- ‘Phil. Trans.,’ yoI. 186, A.
