in the red, blue and green. The wave length λ and velocity are shown below.
Line Intensity λ
1 10 4885·4 ± 0·1 Ångström units
2 6 5300 ± 6 "
3 1 5909 ± 10 "
The line 4885 was very broad; the other two lines were so feeble that it was difficult to determine their wave length with accuracy. Hartmann suggests that these lines may be found in the spectrum of the new stars. The lines observed have no connection with radium or its emanation[1].
118. Thermo-luminescence. E. Wiedemann and Schmidt[2] have shown that certain bodies after exposure to the cathode rays or the electric spark become luminous when they are heated to a temperature much below that required to cause incandescence. This property of thermo-luminescence is most strikingly exhibited in certain cases where two salts, one of which is much in excess of the other, are precipitated together. It is to be expected that such bodies would also acquire the property when exposed to the β or cathodic rays of radium. This has been found to be the case by Wiedemann[3]. Becquerel showed that fluor-spar, exposed to the radium rays, was luminous when heated. The glass tubes in which radium is kept are rapidly blackened. On heating the tube, a strong luminosity is observed, and the coloration to a large extent disappears. The peculiarity of many of these bodies lies in the fact that the property of becoming luminous when heated is retained for a long interval of time after the body is removed from the influence of the exciting cause. It appears probable that the rays cause chemical changes in these bodies, which are permanent until heat is applied. A portion of the chemical energy is then released in the form of visible light. Physical actions.
119. Some electric effects. Radium rays have the same
effect as ultra-violet light and Röntgen rays in increasing the
- ↑ In a recent paper, Giesel (Ber. d. D. Chem. Ges. No. 3, p. 775, 1905) has shown that the bright lines are due to didymium, which is present as an impurity. Exposure of didymium to the radium rays also causes the appearance of the lines.
- ↑ Wiedemann and Schmidt, Wied. Annal. 59, p. 604, 1895.
- ↑ Wiedemann, Phys. Zeit. 2, p. 269, 1901.
