464 Readings in European History attributed to Mandeville, but contains the original accounts upon which it was based. STEELE, Mediteval Lore. Selections from a very early English version, printed at the end of the fifteenth century, of the famous popular encyclopedia of Bartholomew Anglicus, compiled in the thirteenth century (see extracts above, pp. 443 sq.). C. Materials Even a very brief bibliography for the vast subjects of Romance for advanced and Germanic philology, mediaeval art in its various manifestations, and the scholastic philosophy would hardly be looked for in the present volume. The chief works on the economic and industrial conditions have been already enumerated at the close of the previous chapter. It only remains, therefore, to mention a few treatises in French and German to which the student of history, anxious to get a general idea of the range of mediaeval culture and thought, may most profitably turn. For France: Histoire de France > edited by LAVISSE, Vol. Ill, Part I, " French Society at the End of the Twelfth and the Opening of the Thir- teenth Century," by LUCHAIRE, and Vol. Ill, Part II, " French Society in the Thirteenth Century," by LANGLOIS. This may be supplemented by LANGLOIS, La Societe fran^aise au XIII e siecle d'apres dix romans d'aventure, 1904. For the French language and its development, above all, GASTON PARIS, La Litterature fran$aise au moyen age, a truly remarkable little manual by a great scholar. Also, Histoire de la langue et litterature franfaise, edited by PETIT DE JULLEVILLE, Vols. I-II, especially the excellent introduction. On the formation of the tongue, see the intro- ductory essay in HATZFELD ET DARMESTETER, Dictionnaire g enerale de la langue franfaise, 1890-1900. Grundriss der romanischen Philologie, edited by GROBER. A tech- nical encyclopedia by a number of scholars covering the whole field. In Vol. II there is a useful Ubersicht iiber die Lateinischen Litteratur, from the sixth century to 1350. For Germany, the fullest and most recent account of the general state of culture is MICHAEL, Geschichte des deutschen Volkes sett dent drei- zehnten Jahrhundert, the earlier volumes of which deal with the thir- teenth century and are evidently modeled upon the well-known work of the Catholic scholar Janssen, who has written an elaborate account of the German people in the sixteenth century (see bibliography at the close of Chapter XXIV, below). There is, so far as I know, no account of the German language and literature in the Middle Ages corresponding
