544 Readings in European History Modern Architecture; FLETCHER, A History of Architecture ; LUBKE, History of Sculpture ; WOLTMANN and WOERMANN, History of Painting. DE VINNE, The Invention of Printing, by a well-known expert in that art ; BLADES, Pentateuch of Printing, very good ; and PUTNAM, Books and their Makers, Vol. I (referred to above, p. 462). SCHAFF, PHILIP, The Renaissance. This little book is scarcely more than a syllabus of the subject, but it contains very complete and useful bibliographies. GEIGER, Humanismus und Renaissance in Italien und Deutschland (Oncken Series). An excellent work, with good bibliographies. VoiGT, Die Wiederbelebung des classischen Alterthums, 2 vols., 3d ed. The best account of the humanists, with good bibliography. A very remarkable work. NOLHAC, Petrarque et rHumanisme, 1892. A very interesting study of the range of Petrarch's reading. GASPARY, Geschichte der italienischen Literatur, 2 vols., 1885. Excel- lent and readable. CAPPONI, Storia della repubblica di Firenze, 3 vols., 1888. Perhaps the best detailed account ; it may be supplemented by the well-known monographs of VILLARI, Life and Times of Niccolb Machiavelli, 2 vols., zd ed., 1892, and Life and Times of Savonarola, 2 vols., 1888. VESPASIANO DA BISTICCI, Vite di uomini illustri del secolo XV, Florence, 1849; ng w edition in 3 vols., Bologna, 1892 (see above, pp. 529 sqq. GUICCIARDINI, Storia d'ltalia, 4 vols., Milan, 1884. Guicciardini (d. 1540) ranks with Machiavelli as a political thinker and is his superior as an historian. His history covers the period 1492-1530 and is by far the best among several produced by Florentine writers of the period.
