In the gap through Little Buffalo mountain the Medina rocks are nowhere exposed in place, although a profusion of bowlders occur on both sides of the creek, while the Oneida sandstone No. IVa, slightly conglomeritic, shows two fairly good exposures close to one another; one dipping 80° (overturned) towards the northwest, and the other 65° towards the southeast.
A narrow point of Hudson river slates fills the valley within the Oneida sandstone mountain, which westward in Centre county develops into the Confer valley.
The Oneida crest was originally heavily timbered here with white, yellow and pitch pine, and a good deal of chestnut occurred on the bottom slopes; but the valley of Laurel creek and Paddy's mountain on the south have both been pretty thoroughly stripped of their pine trees, some little hemlock, and the chestnut oak, by Pardee & Co.’s operation, whose tramway, 6 miles long, extended 2 or 3 miles into Centre county. Odd trees have been left and a good deal of yellow pine still stands.
The Paddy’s mountain axis was again passed over on the road leading south from the hotel on Laurel run and meeting the valley a mile west of Laurelton. It carried here on its crest the lower Clinton brown and yellow shales, and the ore sandstone occurs with such a flat dip on the south side of the axis that it scarcely makes a ridge and was but slightly distinguished on a dip of 10° S.
No ore operations were active in this part of the field; but it is reported that quite a large quantity of ore has been taken from the Rutherford farm, half a mile north of Laurelton, and a little east of this road, as also on the Hoffman farm, a short mile west of the road, where it occurs on a 40° S. E. dip.
Ore mines.
The Bower ore mine is situated about ½ a mile N. N. E. of Laurelton on the right bank of a small branch of Laurel creek, and but a short distance below the breast of an old
