along Penns creek has already been given in the description of Monroe township, and westward to the Middle creek line they are but poorly exposed for any additional description.
Going south along Penns creek from Selinsgrove the erosion of the creek and river has made a wide flat and concealed all exposures. The upper Salina rocks are first passed over and then the Lower Helderberg in Limestone ridge, a short distance below the Freeburg road, but its rocks eroded as well.
Neither the Oriskany shale or sandstone is well exposed; but the Marcellus slates are shown in a quarry opened for road purposes just south of the school house on the road leading west before reaching Middle creek. About 65′ of slate with a few very thin sandstone beds are displayed here, dipping S. E. 45°.
West along this road the Marcellus rocks are sparingly exposed, and the Hamilton measures make a well defined ridge to the south in the great loop of Middle creek.
The first limestone quarry on the south dip of the anticlinal west from Penns creek in the Limestone ridge is—
Witmer, Flanders and Stael, located about 300 yards west of the creek, and close to the base of the hill, south from John Romig’s house. It was idle, only being actively worked during the winter, when lime for farm use is burned there. The dip is 30° S. E., and the stone is covered with a good deal of top soil, which in a measure conceals the outcrop and prevents an examination of the character of the stone along this ridge. This is the only quarry between the river and Middle creek below Kantz.
16. Middle Creek township in Snyder county.
This township, lying west of Penns and south of Jackson on the north side of the Shade mountain anticlinal, is nearly square in shape, its sides being a little less than 4 miles in length, giving an area of about 15 square miles.
Kremer and Meiser are two flourishing villages situated on the Sunbury and Lewistown railroad in the fertile upper Salina valley which extends east and west through the
