slate wash, so that its extent can only be surmised from the topographical condition and a few disconnected outcrops.
On the south side of the valley the Oneida sandstone terrace of Shade mountain rises to slightly greater elevation than along Black Log mountain, but it is still merely a terrace upon the main Medina crest which greatly overlooks its summit. This whole mountain is extremely rough and is entirely unbroken throughout the township, except in one by two small notches in its outer crest near the Tuscarora line.
The Ore sandstone terrace on the south flank of Shade mountain rises about half-way up the mountain; but its out crops of sandstone and fossil ore are so completely concealed by débris from the mountain that practically little, if anything is known of their character here. Further west in Huntingdon county this outcrop has been considerably exploited of late and good reports are given both of the thickness and quality of the Sand Vein fossil ore bed. In this township, however, there would be but limited facility by means of natural gaps to mine this ore, and all development would have to be carried on by means of long drifts or cross-cuts through the overlying slates, with the probability of finding a good deal of hard fossil ore in the bed.
Between this Ore ridge and the Limestone ridge there is the usual valley of Salina slates and shales, but in this township this valley is largely wooded and considerably broken up with small hills rendering, its cultivation more difficult than usual.
On the south side of the township the features just described are generally repeated. The Tuscarora mountain shows a high crest of white Medina sandstone dipping northward towards the.Tuscarora valley. In the gap south of Waterford leading to Horse valley, a vast number of Medina sandstone bowlders are seen, but no good outcrops of the rock in place. The Ore ridge here lies a mile north of the mountain, wholly distinct and separated from it by a small synclinal crimple in red shale south of the Union tannery.
The Ore sandstoni here is 20′ thick and crosses the road
