da (Nir.), and the more or less doubtful paprátha and çaçvacá and sasvaja (RV.) we have a instead of i in the reduplication.
b. In support of their false view of this aorist as made from the causative stem instead of directly from the root, the native grammarians teach that roots ending in an u-vowel may reduplicate with i, as representing the ā of the strengthened stem: thus, bībhava from bhāv-aya, as well as būbhuva from bhū. No example of such a formation, however, is met with except ápiplavam (ÇB., once); against it we find dudruva, būbhuva, rūruva, çuçruva, and others.
c. As to apaptam, avocam, and aneçam, see above, 847.
864. The inflection of the reduplicated aorist is like that of an imperfect of the second general conjugation: that is to say, it has अ a as final stem-vowel, with all the peculiarities which the presence of that vowel conditions (733 a). Thus, from √जन् jan give birth (stem jījana):
| active. | middle. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s. | d. | p. | s. | d. | p. | |
| 1 | अजीजनम् ájījanam |
अजीजनाव ájījanāva |
अजीजनाम ájījanāma |
अजीजने ájījane |
अजीजनावहि ájījanāvahi |
अजीजनामहि ájījanāmahi |
| 2 | अजीजनस् ájījanas |
अजीजनतम् ájījanatam |
अजीजनत ájījanata |
अजीजनथास् ájījanathās |
अजीजनेथाम् ájījanethām |
अजीजनध्वम् ájījanadhvam |
| 3 | अजीजनत् ájījanat |
अजीजनताम् ájījanatām |
अजीजनन् ájījanan |
अजीजनत ájījanata |
अजीजनेताम् ájījanetām |
अजीजनन्त ájījananta |
865. The middle forms are rare in the older language (the 3d pl. is decidedly the most common of them, being made from eleven roots; the 3d s. from seven); but all, both active and middle, are quotable except 1st and 2d du. middle and 1st du. active.
a. Atītape appears to be once used (RV.) as 3d sing., with passive sense.
866. A final ṛ has the guṇa-strengthening before the endings: thus, acīkarat, apīparam, atītaras, dīdaras, adīdharat, amīmarat, avīvaran, jihvaras. Of similar strengthened forms from ī and u-roots are found apiprayan (TS.), abībhayanta (RV.), apiplavam (ÇB.), acucyavat (K.), açuçravat (MS.), atuṣṭavam (RV.). Not many roots ending in other vowels than ṛ make this aorist: see below, 868.
867. Forms of the inflection without union-vowel are occasionally met with: namely, from roots ending in consonants, síṣvap (2d sing., augmentless) from √svap, and açiçnat from √çnath; from roots in ṛ or ar, dīdhar (2d sing.), and ajīgar (2d and 3d sing.); for roots in i- and u-vowels, see 868. Of 3d pl. in us are found almost only a form
