APPENDIX.
ASTROLOGY.
Besides those greater preventions which lay in the very structure and organised conceptions of society in the Middle Ages, the student of natural science was thwarted also by many lesser, which could not find place in this oration. Among the chief of these was judicial astrology, which supplanted and degraded the art of medicine.
It is difficult to carry the imagination into a time when the heavens were conceived as an animate and divine being', the heavenly bodies as active and intelli- gent parts of it, and the whole set not in illimitable space but around man and his home, and waiting upon him (vid. p. 47); yet without such an effort we cannot realise the ancient place and dominion of astrology. Such a possession when in its strength must have enthralled the human mind; and it abode tenaciously with the first scientific conceptions of celestial phenomena, even in the thoughts of the enlightened. Tycho Brahe, for many years of his life, was an adept; and even Kepler saw A.
1 Quee, simul æthereos animo conceperat ignes, Ore dabat vero carmina plena dei. Ovid, Fasti 1. 473. 8
