Page:Scientific results HMS Challenger vol 18 part 1.djvu/248

2. Belonozoum spinulosum, Haeckel.

Sphærozoum spinulosum, J. Müller, 1858, Abhandl. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin, p. 54, Taf. viii. fig. 4. Sphærozoum spinulosum, Haeckel, 1862, Monogr. d. Radiol., p. 527, Taf. xxxiii. figs. 3, 4.

Spicula all simple rods, straight cylindrical, obtuse on both ends, thorny with numerous small spines, placed vertically on the rods.

Dimensions.—Diameter of the central capsule 0.08 to 0.1, length of the spicula 0.05 to 0.2.

Habitat.—Mediterranean, Nice, J. Müller; Messina, Haeckel; Naples, Brandt; surface.

3. Belonozoum italicum, Haeckel.

Sphærozoum italicum, Haeckel, 1862, Monogr. d. Radiol., p. 526, Taf. xxxiii. figs. 1, 2.

Spicula all simple rods, more or less curved or bent, pointed at both ends, quite smooth. Central capsule with a variable number (commonly five to twenty) of oil-globules.

Dimensions.—Diameter of the central capsule 0.1 to 0.3, length of the spicula 0.05 to 0.2.

Habitat.—Mediterranean, Nice, Naples, Messina, Haeckel, surface.

4. Belonozoum atlanticum, n. sp.

Sphærozoum atlanticum, Haeckel, 1881, Manuscript.

Spicula all together simple rods, more or less curved or bent, pointed at both ends, thorny from numerous small spines, placed vertically on the rods.

Dimensions.—Diameter of the central capsule 0.1 to 0.2, length of the spicula 0.07 to 0.15.

Habitat.—Tropical Atlantic, Station 348, surface.

Genus 13. Sphærozoum,^[1] Meyen, 1834, Nova Acta Acad. Nat. Curios., Bd. xvi., Suppl., p. 287 (p. 163).

Definition.—Sphærozoida with branched or radiate spicula of one kind.

The genus Sphærozoum, with Physematium one of the two oldest Radiolaria, observed in the living state, was founded 1834 by Meyen for one of the social Beloidea, which was probably the common cosmopolitan Sphærozoum punctatum, the true type of this genus. Johannes Müller described a number of species, which were partly skeletonless (Collozoum), partly armed with simple or with compound spicula. The species with simple spicula we refer here to Belonozoum, the species with two or more different kinds of spicula to Rhaphidozoum, while we unite in Sphærozoum all species with one kind of branched or compound spicula. The two following species are incompletely known:—Sphærozoum orientale, Dana, 1863, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xii. p. 54. Sphærozoum sanderi, Dœnitz, 1871, L. N. 60, p. 71.

1. Sphærozoum = Spherical animal; σφαῖρα, ζῶον.