piece with the arm, as a "break" at the wrist would make an entirely different angle.
Pass the arms smoothly from one letter to another. Don't let them "flop" about between letters. Hold each letter long enough so that it is distinct. At the end of a word make "Interval" hands crossed downward in front of body, right over left. Indicate the end of the sentence by one "chop-chop"—made by placing both arms at the right, horizontal, and moving them up and down in cutting motion. Indicate end of the message by three "chop-chops." While signalling maintain fixed position, head upright.
Be accurate in making the letters. It is the angle between your arms that counts. Speed will soon come with practice. Don't look in a mirror, or you will get it all backwards.
Signalling with a Lantern
The motions used in signalling with a lantern are very like those with the single flag. For Position, hold a lantern directly in front of you; for a dot swing it to the right and back; for a dash swing it to the left and back; and for Front move it up and down in a vertical line, directly in front of you. You should have a stationary light, in front of your feet, as a point of reference for the various motions.
Signalling with a Flash Light
Use a short flash for a dot, and a long steady flash for dash. Pause between letters, longer pause between words, still longer at end of sentence.
