29. The General Parliament shall have power to make Laws for the peace, welfare and good government of the Federated Provinces (saving the Sovereignty of England), and especially laws respecting the following subjects: --
- The Public Debt and Property.
- The Regulation of Trade and Commerce.
- The imposition or regulation of Duties of Customs on Imports and Exports, -- except on Exports of Timber, Logs, Masts, Spars, Deals and Sawn Lumber from New Brunswick, and of Coal and other minerals from Nova Scotia.
- The imposition or regulation of Excise Duties.
- The raising of money by all or any other modes or systems of Taxation.
- The borrowing of money on the Public Credit.
- Postal Service.
- Lines of Steam or other Ships, Railways, Canals and other works, connecting any two or more of the Provinces together or extending beyond the limits of any Province.
- Lines of Steamships between the Federated Provinces and other Countries.
- Telegraphic Communication and the Incorporation of Telegraph Companies.
- All such works as shall, although lying wholly within any Province be specially declared by the Acts authorizing them to be for the general advantage.
- The Census.
- Militia -- Military and Naval Service and Defence.
- Beacons, Buoys and Light Houses.
- Navigation and shipping.
- Quarantine.
- Sea Coast and Inland Fisheries.
- Ferries between any Province and a Foreign country, or between any two Provinces.
- Currency and Coinage.
- Banking -- Incorporation of Banks, and the Issue of paper money.
- Savings Banks.
- Weights and Measures.
- Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes.
- Interest.
- Legal Tender.
- Bankruptcy and Insolvency.
- Patents of Invention and Discovery.
- Copy Rights.
- Indians and Lands reserved for the Indians.
- Naturalization and Aliens.
- Marriage and Divorce.
- The Criminal Law, excepting the Constitution of Courts of Criminal Jurisdiction, but including the procedure in Criminal matters.
- Rendering uniform all or any of the laws relative to property and civil rights in Upper Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, and rendering uniform the procedure of all or any of the Courts in these Provinces; but any Statute for this purpose shall have no force or authority in any Province until sanctioned by the Legislature thereof.
- The Establishment of a General Court of Appeal for the Federated Provinces.
- Immigration.
- Agriculture.
- And generally respecting all matters of a general character, not specially and exclusively reserved for the Local Governments and Legislatures.
30. The General Government and Parliament shall have all powers necessary or proper for performing the obligations of the Federated Provinces, as part of the British Empire, to Foreign Countries arising under Treaties between Great Britain and such Countries.
31. The General Parliament may also, from time to time, establish additional Courts, and the General Government may appoint Judges and Officers thereof, when the same shall appear necessary or for the public advantage, in order to the due execution of the laws of Parliament.
32. All Courts, Judges and Officers of the several Provinces shall aid, assist and obey the General Government in the exercises of its rights and powers, and for such purposes shall be held to be Courts, Judges and Officers of the General Government.
