8 Southern Historical Society Papers.
confessed that good use was made of the time. The laboratory at- tached to the arsenal was well conducted and did much work. It cov- ered the island known as Green Island, which was connected with the shore by a bridg^e, built by the Engineer Department, especially for the service of this laboratory.
Besides the cap machinery, which was a very large and improved plant, machinery for pressing balls, for driving time fuzes, for drawing friction primers and metallic cartridges, and other labor saving machines were invented, made and used with effect. In all respects the establishment, though extemporized, and lodged in a cluster of tobacco warehouses, was equal to the first-class arsenals of the United States in extent and facilities.
The arsenal of Augusta, Ga., was in great part organized in the city, where suitable buildings were obtained, and did much the same class of work done at Richmond, though on a smaller scale. It was very serviceable to the armies serving in the South and West, and turned out a good deal of field artillery complete, the castings being excellent. Colonel George W. Rains, in charge of arsenal and pow- der works, found that the fusion of a small per cent, of iron with the copper and tin improved the strength of the bronze castings very much.
The powder mills at Augusta, Ga., which I have already mentioned as the direct result of the order of President Davis, were wonderfully successful and never met with serious accident — a safe indication of the goodness of its arrangements. It showed, too, that under able direction the resources of Southern workshops and the skill of its artisans had already become equal to the execution of great enter- prises involving high mechanical skill.
The arsenal and workshops at Charleston were also enlarged, steam introduced, and good work done in various departments.
The arsenal at Mount Vernon, now furnished with steam power and having a good deal of machinery, was considered out of position af- ter the fall of New Orleans, and was moved to Selma, Ala., where it grew into a large, well-ordered arsenal of the best class, under the charge of Lieutenant- Colonel White. It was relied on to a great ex- tent for the equipment of the troops and fortifications in the southern part of the Confederacy.
Attracted by the deposits of fine ore immediately north of Selma, made accessible by the Selma, Rome and Dalton Railroad, the War Department accepted the proposition of Mr. Colin McRae to under- take the erection at Selma of a large foundry for the casting of can- non of the heaviest calibre. A large contract was made with him and
