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BRAZIL.
(Tmperio do Brazil.)
Reigning Sovereign and Family.
Pedro II., Emperor of Brazil, born December 2, 1825, the son of Emperor Pedro I. and of Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria ; suc- ceeded to the throne on the abdication of his father, April 7, 1831 ; declared of age, July 23, 1840; crowned July 18, 1841. Married, September 4, 1843, to
Theresa, Empress of Brazil, born March 14, 1822, the daughter of the late King Francis I, of the Two Sicilies. Offspring of the union are two daughters, namely : — 1. Princess Isabel, born July 29, 1846 ; married, Oct. 16, 1864, to Prince Louis of Orleans, Comte d'Eu, born April 28, 1842, eldest son of the Due de Nemours, of the ex- royal house of Bourbon-Orleans. 2. Princess Leopoldina, born July 13, 1847; married Dec. 15, 1864, to Prince August of Saxe-Coburg- Gotha. Offspring of the union are three sons, Pedro, born March 19, 1866, Augusta, born Dec. 6, 1867, and Jose, born May 21, 1869.
Sisters of the Emperor. — 1. Princess Januaria, born March 11, 1822 ; married, April 28, 1844, to Prince Louis of Bourbon, son of the late King Francis I. of the Two Sicilies. Offspring of the union are two sons, Luis, born July 18, 1845, and Felippe, born August 12, 1847. 2. Princess Fran cisca, born August 2, 1824; married May 1, 1843, to Francois, Prince de Joinville, born Aug. 14, 1818, son of the late King Louis Philippe of the French. Offspring of the union are a daughter and a son. namely Princess Francoise, born August 4, 1844, and married June 11, 1863, to her cousin Eobert d'Orleans, due de Chartres, born Nov. 9, 1840 ; and Prince Pierre, born Nov. 4, 1845, lieutenant in the navy of Portugal.
The Emperor is a scion, in the direct male line, of the House of Braganza, the female line of which is ruling over Portugal. In 1807, the royal family of Portugal fled to Brazil ; in 1815, the colony was declared a ' kingdom ; ' and, the Portuguese Court having re- turned to Europe in 1821, a national congress assembled at Eio de Janeiro, and on May 13, 1822, Don Pedro, eldest son of King Joao VI. of Portugal, was chosen ' Perpetual Protector ' of Brazil. He proclaimed the independence of the country on Sep. 7, 1822,
