908
GERMAN EMPIRE : — BAVARIA
Religion.— Religions division of th e popnlation, December 1, 1910 :—
Jews
Provinces
Upper Bavaria Lower Bavaria Palatinate (Rheinpfalz) Upper Palatinate . Upper Franconia . Middle Franconia . Lower Franconia . Suabia .
Total
Roman Catholics
1,395,047
716,435 414,955 549,960 282,999 251,458 571,827 679,552
Protestants
114,494 7,037 506,651 48,404 374,967 659,502 126,128 105,202
11,652
468
8,998
1,395
2,946
14,219
11,925
3,462
4,862,233 1,942,385
55,065
Besides the above there are included in other Christian sects 5,816 Old Catholics, 3 017 Mennonites 164 Anglican, 1611 Greek Catholics and Russian Orthodox, 1,139 Irvmgites, 25 Anabaptists, ' 1,833 Methodists, 5,841 Free Christians, 1,649 other Christians, 1,370 ot religion not Cliristian, 4,240 of religion not stated, or without religion, 903 of religion not
There are 2 Roman Catholic archhishoprics, those of Munich and Bamberg each with 3 suffragan bishoprics ; 218 deaneries ; and 3,093 parishes. The Protestant Church is under a General Consistory— ' Ober-Consistorium '—and three provincial consistories, 81 deaneries, and 1,049 parishes. Of the three universities of the kingdom, two, at Munich and Wilrzburg, are Roman Catholic, and one, at Erlangen, Protestant.
Instr action.— (For Universities, see nnder Germany.) Education compulsory from' six to sixteen. In 1910-11 there were 7,600 elementary schools (public and private), with 18,352 teachers (13,521 male, 4,831 female), and 1,046,806 pupils. The year's expenditure on the public schools (7,566) was 3,099,455/. There were 333 agricultural schools, with 6,841 pupils, besides 411 winter schools, with 1,820 pupils.
Justice, Crime, and Pauperism.— Bavaria is the only German state with an Oberstes Landesgericht, or ai)peal-court intervening between the Oberlandesgerichte and the Reichsgericht ; it has a bench of 22 judges. Under it are 5 Oberlandesgerichte, 28 Landgerichte and 266 Amlsgerichte. The number of judges was (1911) 1,388. In 1910, 65,021 criminals were convicted.
In 1909, poor receiving relief 235,269 (123,663 permanent paupers), the sum expended of the ordinary budget, 690,505/.
Finance.— The Bavarian budget is voted for a period of two years. The estimates of the ordinary budget for each of the years 1910 and 1911 balanced at 31,307,430/. For 1912 and 1913 the estimates were :—
Sources of Revenue
Direct taxes . . . Stamps, fines, &c. . Indirect taxes
State railways, posts, tele- graphs, mines, «fec. State domains
Various
Imperial repaynieiils .
3,185,000 1,704,655 3,499,793
20 423,946
244,511
3,873,296
879,505
Total gross revenue
33,810,706
Branches of Expenditure
Public debt .... Civil list and appanages
Diet
Foreign Affairs . Communications . Justice. ... Interior ... Finance ... Worship and Education Pensions and allowances Contributions to Imperial\: expenditure . . .j Administration . . . \ Reserve fund . .__ • '
Total expenditure
847,427
270,123
35,255
99,450
3,395
1,382,331
2,020,674
746,510
2,612,550
1,066,050
2,417,443
22,272,603 36,895
33,810,706
