1030 JAPAN: — FORMOSA (TAIWAN)
Hamel (Hendrik), Relation du Naufrage d'un Vaisseau Holandois, <fec., traduite dii Flamand par M. Minutoli. Paris, 1670. [This contains the earliest European account of Korea. An English translation from the French is given in Vol. IV. of A. and J. Churchill'sGollection, London, 1744. and in Vol. VII. of Pinkerton's Collection. London, 1811.
Hamilton (Angus), Korea. London, 1904.
Hatch (E. F. G.), Far Eastern Impressions. London, 1904.
Hulbert (H. B.), History of Corea. Seoul, 190a.— The Passing of Korea. London, 1000.
Landor (FI. S.), Corea, the Land of the Morning Calm. London, 1895.
Longford (J. H.), The Story of Korea. London, 1911,
Lowell(P.). Choson : the Land of Morning Calm. London.
McRenzie (F. A.), The Unveiled East. London, 1906.
Millard (E. W.), The New Far East. London, 190r3.
Oppert (E.), A Forbidden Land. London, 1880.
Bockhill (W. W.), China's Intercourse with Korea. London, 1905.
Bonaldshay (Earl of), A Wandering Student in the Far East. London, 1008.
Tayler (C. J. D.), Koreans at Home. London, 1904.
Vautier (C.) et Frandln (H.), En Coree. Paris, 1904.
Whigham (ii. J.), Manchuria and Korea. London, 1904.
Weale (Putnam): Reshaping of the Far East.— The Coming Struggle in the Far Ea.'^t.
FORMOSA (TAIWAN)
The Island of Formosa, or Taiwan, was ceded to Japan by China by the treaty which was ratified on May 8, 1895, and Japan took formal possession on June 2 of the same year. Japanese civil government in the island began on March 31, 1896.
The Island has an area of 13,458 square miles, with a population (1912) of 3,443,679 (1,806,048 inales and 1,637,631 females). The chief towns are Tainan City (53,794 inhabitants), Tamsui, and Kelung. At Kelung the old fortifications have been restored and improved.
Many improvements have been eftected by the Japanese administration. An educational system has been established for Japanese and natives, for whom there are 169 elementary schools with 892 teachers and 39,012 pupils. There are also normal schools, a medical school, and a school for teaching the Japanese language to natives, and native languages to Japanese.
The receipts of the Japanese administration are from inland taxes, customs, public undertakings, and also subsidies from Japan ranging from 5 to 9 million yen annually. The expenditure is chiefly for internal adminis- tration and the working of public undertakings.
— ;
1908-09
1909-10 i 1910-11 i
1 1
1911-12 1
i
1912-13
Ee venue Expenditure
Yen 37,005,764 30,666,455
Yen Yen , 40,409,107 39,889,2121 30,189,383 39,529,338
i i
Yen 43,651,651 43,651,651:
Yen 45,325,508 45,325,508
The agricultural products of Formosa are rice, tea, sugar, sweet potatoes, ramie, jute, turmeric ; while camphor is worked in the forests under a government monopoly. There are active fisheries. The industries comprise flour-milling, sugar, tobacco, oil, spirits, iron-work, glass, bricks, soap, and many other manufactures.
The mining industry was distributed as follows (1911) : mines for gold, 9 ; for gold-copper, 1 ; for gold dust, 27 ; for copper, 2 ; for mercury, 1 ; for coal, 270 ; for petroleum, 39 ; for sulphur, 16, The mining industry employed (1911) 5,047 workers.
The commerce of Formosa is largely with Japan, the chief foreign
