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THE HAGUE TRIBUNAL.
Officially
THE PERMANENT COURT OF ARBITRATION.
The Permanent Court of Arbitration was established under the Act of July 29, 1899, signed (and subsequently ratified) on the part of 24 Powers. Under Protocol of June 14, 1907, for the accession of non-signatory Powers, the number of Powers represented in the Court has been largely in- creased. The purpose is to facilitate arbitration for international disputes which it has been impossible to settle by diplomacy. The Court is competent for all arbitration cases unless the parties agree to constitute a special tribunal, and its jurisdiction may be extended to disputes to which' one or both of the parties are non-signatory Powers, if the parties so agree. When the signatory Powers desire to have recourse to the Permanent Court for the settlement of a dispute, the arbitrators called upon to form the comjietent tribunal for the purpose must be chosen from the general list of members of the Court. If the parties disagree on the composition of this tribunal, its members must be appointed in accordance with the course prescribed in the Act,
The Court has an International Bureau under the direction and control of a Permantnt Administrative Council composed of the diplomatic representatives of the Signatory Powers accredited to the Hague, and of the Netherlands Minister for Foreign Affairs, who acts as President.
The Permanent Court consists of persons of known competency in questions of International Law, of whom four at the most are selected by each of the Signatory Powers ; each appointment is for six years and may be renewed. The list of members of the Court (revised up to February, 1913) is as follows. The date of each appointment is stated (within brackets) : —
America, United Statks op : Hon. John W. Griggs, ex- Attorney-General (27 Nov. 1906) ; Hon. George Gray, Judge of Circuit Court (-27 Nov. 1900); H. E. Oscar S. Straus, formerly Minister of Commerce and Labour, and late Ambassador at Constantinople, (8 Jan. 1908) ; Hon. Elihu Root, formerly Secretary of State (15 Dec. 1910).
Argentine Republic: H.E. Estanislas S, Zeballos, Professor of Private International Law at the University of Buenos Ay res ; formerly Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship (6 July, 1907); Luis Maria Drago, Deputy (6 July, 1907); Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, Professor of Constitutional Law in the University of Buenos Ayres, Deputy (6 July, 1907) ; M. Joaquin V. Gonzalez, Doctor of Law, Senator, President of the National University of La Plata, formerly Minister of the Interior of Foreign Affairs and Worship, of Justice and Public Instruction, formerly Deputy, &c. (17 Oct. 1910).
Austria-Hungary : Henri Lammasch, Professor of International Law in the University of Vienna, Member of the Austrian "Herrenhaus" (4 Dec. 1906); H.E. Albert de Berzeviczy. President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Letters (26 Feb. 1909); H. E. Baron Ernest de Plener, President of the Common Supreme Court of Accounts, Member of the Austrian ' Herrenhaus ' (26 Feb. 1909) ; Dr. Franz Nagy, Privy Councillor, Member of the Hungarian Lower House,
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