334
THE BRITISH EMPIRE : — SOUTH AUSTRALIA
schools aud universities. In 1911 there were 736 schools, 19 being high schools ; the number of children under instruction during 1911 Avas 59,221. There is a training college for teachers. The University of Adelaide, incorporated in 1874, is authorised to grant degrees in arts, law, music, medicine, and science. Its endowment amounts to 132,788?. and 50,000 acres of land. There are several denominational secondary schools. There were 180 private schools, with 12,127 pupils, in 1911.
Justice, Crime, Old Age Pensions.
There is one supreme court, a court of vice-admiralty, a court of insolvency, 104 local courts and police magistrates' courts. There are circuit courts held at several places. There were 73 convictions for felonies and misdemeanours in the Higher Courts and 7,30) in the Magistrates' Courts in 1911. The total number of persons in gaols at the end of 1911 was 224.
Old Age and Invalidity Pensions are now paid by the Commonwealth Government. The number of pensioners in South Australia at December 13, 1912 was: Old Age, 7,375 ; Invalid, 820.
For defence, see under Commonwealth of Australia. For the purposes of local defence a small cruiser, the Protector (920 tons), launched in 1884, is stationed off the chief port of the State, which is defended by two well-armed forts.
Finance.
Revenue and expenditure : —
Years ended June 30
1908 190'J 11»10
Revenue i Expenditure
! 3,654,66(5 3,551,189 3,985,800
£ 3,171,144 3,259,417 3,513,051
Tears ended June 30
1911 1912 1913 1 ,
Revenue Expenditure
£
4,181,472 4,450,739 4,381,812
& 3,964,411 4,175,589 4,381,812
1 Estimates.
Balance of Commonwealth revenue returned to State 1911-12, 512,000Z.
Most of the revenue is derived from inland revenue, railways, and territorial receipts, while most of the expenditure is on account of public works, railways, and interest on public debt.
The public debt of the State, excluding the Northern Territory, 3,359,891?, dating from 1852, amounted, on June 30, 1912, to 31,752,069Z. Over half of the public debt has been spent on railways, water-works, and telegraphs.
Production and Industry.
Of the total area of South Australia proper (243,244,800 acres), 11,654,039 acres were alienated and in process of alienation under systems of deferred payments at the end of 1911. The freehold and leasehold land in South Australia proper amounts to 122,655,549 acres, of which 4,340,435 acres were under cultivation in 1911-12.
