AREA, POPULATION, INSTRUCTION
477
Area, Population, Instruction.— Area, 12,210 square miles, of which
9,860 square miles is land.
Years
Population Per sq. mile
Years
Population
Per sq. mile
1820 1860
407,350 ' 41-3 687,049 - 69-7
1900 1910
1,188,044 1,295,346
120-5 130-3
Of the total in 1910, 232,249 were coloured, 104,176 were foreign born, of Avhom 44,496 were from Germany, 13,874 from Ireland, 13,574 from Russia and Russian Poland, and 5,299 from England.
The largest city in the State and also the chief manufacturing and com- mercial centre, is Baltimore, with a population in 1910 of 558,485. Other cities, Avith population in 1910, are Cumberland, 21,839 ; Hagerstown, 16,507 ; Frederick, 10,411 ; Annapolis (Capital), 8,609.
The prevailing forms of religion are Protestant, but Roman Catholics have 35 "3 per cent, of the Church membership in the State.
Education compulsory for children 8 to 12 years of age in Baltimore City and Allegany County, and 12 to 16 years unless lawfully employed.
In 1911, there Avere in the public elementary and high schools of the State, 5,649 teachers, of whom 780 were coloured, and 237,119 enrolled pupils, of whom 43,802 were coloured. The State had 4 normal schools, with 25 teachers and 364 pupils in 1910.'
The most important institution for higher education is Johns Hopkins University, organised in 1876. It is non-sectarian, and in 1910 had 198 instructors and 785 students. Its hospital with educational features is famous. The Woman's College, founded in 1888, has 42 instructors and 345 students. Other institutions are the Peabody Institute for the Education of Music, the Maryland Institute School of Art and Design, Walter's Art Gallery, Maryland University, Maryland Agricultural College with 24 professors and 220 students ; the Princess Anne Academy for Coloured Youths, with 4 teachers and 47 students.
Founded
Other Colleges and Institutions.
Control
Pro- fessors
Students
1783
Washington Coll., Chestertown .
Non-sect.
10
131
1789
St. John's Coll., Annapolis .
Non-sect.
14
174
1845
U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis .
National
110
763
lSf)2
Loyola Coll., Baltimore ....
R.C.
10
249
18(57
Morgan Coll., Baltimore ....
M.E.
25
160
1867
Western Maryland Coll., Westminster .
M.E.
23
219
1857
Rock Hill Coll.. Ellicott City.
R.C.
14
168
1808
Mount St. Mary's, Coll., Emmittsburg .
R.C.
15
363
1843
New Windsor Coll., New Windsor .
Presby.
7
44
1888
Notre Dame of Maryland, Baltimore
R.C.
28
270
The Enoch Pratt Free Library has 11 branches, and a recent donation made by Andrew Carnegie of 500,000 dollars provides for 20 additional branches.
Charity. — For charitable purposes the State contains (besides almshouses and asylums for the insane) 117 institutions nearly all provided by private or ecclesiastical charity. They comj^rise 32 hospitals (one public), 10 dispensaries (two public), 38 orphanages, three day nurseries, 30 homes for adults, and four schools for the deaf and bund (two putjlic). The number of persons admitted (apart from dispensaries and day nurseries) in 1904 was 25,889 (last figures available), and at the end of the year there
