AUSTRALASIA AND OCEANIA 849
93 sq. miles; total population, 4,209. In May, 1906, for economical reasons, a change was made in the form of administration. Instead of a Governor there is now an Administrator who organizes and regulates the various branches of the public service. He is assisted by a consultative council of administration and municipal councils. Chief town, St. Pierre. Primary instruction is free. There are 3 public schools for boys, and 3 for girls, with (in all) 16 teachers and 340 pupils. There are, besides, infant schools, ' salles d'asile, ' frequented by 12.5 children. There are a private boarding school and two private schools Avith 385 pupils.
The islands, being mostly barren rock, are unsuited for agriculture. The chief industry is cod-fishing, which has steadily declined. In 1912 there were 40 local smacks engaged in fishing on the Newfoundland banks, the average catch per vessel being 1,328 metric cwts. The "Metropolitan" (French) fleet numbered 240 vessels, and had 6,838 men engaged in the work in 1912. The imports comprise textiles, salt, wines, food stuffs, meat ; and the exports, cod, dried and fresh, and fish products. In 1912 1,495 vessels of 168,789 tons entered and 1,495 of 168,480 tons cleared at the Islands. 1'he imports were valued at 203,985Z., and the exports at 327,918^. in 1911, the latter consisting mainly of dried codfish. St. Pierre is in regular steam commimication with Boston and Halifax ; and is connected by telegraph cable with Europe and the American continent. Local budget for'l910, 497,660 francs. Expenditure of France (budget 1913), 242,949 francs. Debt outstanding January 1, 1910, 439,000 francs.
British Consul. — Mr. A. P. Murray.
Books Concerning French America.
Annuaire de la Guadeloupe et Dependences. Basse-Terre.
Anmiaire de la Martinique. Fort-de-France.
Annuaire des lies St. Pierre et Miquelon. St. Pierre.
BroMs.'!ePu(G.), Les Richesses de la Guyana Fran^aise. Paris, 1901.
Goudreauill. A.), Dix ans de Guyane. Paris, 1892.— Chez nos Indiens : Quatre aus dans la Guyane Frangaise. Paiis. 1893.
Dumoret (M.), Au Pays du Sucre (la Martinique). Paris, 1902.
Oaraudili.), Trois ans a la Martinique. Paris, 1892.
Guet (M. J.), Origines de la Martinique (1625-1720). Vaunes, 1893.
Heilprin (A.), Mont Pelee and the Tragedy of Martinique. London, 1902.— The Tower of Pelee. Philadelphia, 1994.
Hess (J.), A rile du diable. Paris, 1898.,
Lacroix (A. ), La Montagne Pelee et ses Eruptions. Paris', 1904.
Levasscur, La France, vol. XL Paris, 1893.
iTZima;t(ie (P.), ForgatsetProscrits. [In Guiana.] Paris, 1897.
Mismer (C), Souvenirs de la Martinique. Paris, 1890.
Mouet (H.), La Martinique. Paris, 1892.
Stoddard (C. A.), Cruising among the Caribbees. London, 1896.
FiaZa, Les Trois Guy anes. Montpellier, 1893.
AUSTRALASIA AND OCEANIA.
NEW CALEDONIA AND DEPENDENCIES.
NeAV Caledonia is administered by a Governor assisted by a Privy Council consisting of the Secretary-General, the Procureur-Ge'n^ral (the head of the Judicial administration), the Superior Commandant of the Troops, the Director of the Penitentiary administration, the head of the Department of Domains and Colonisation, and two notables of the colony appointed by the Preside!) t of the Republic. The colony has also an elective Council-General.
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