COMMERCE
1199
chestnut, 210,345 acres J Pyrenean oak, 169,150 acres : total, 4,005,072 acres. Cork is one of the principal sources of wealth; the annual production is estimated at 176,368,000 pounds.
Portugal possesses considerable mineral wealth, but coal is scarce, and, for want of fuel and cheap transport, valuable mines remain unworked. The most important mineral is wolfram ; others are iron, copper, manganese, sntimony, lead, tin, and gold.
Portugal had in 1918, 36,673 persons and 11,922 vessels of 37,609 tons engaged in fishing. The exports of sardines and tunny fish are considerable. The centre of the sardine industry is at Setubal, about 10 miles south of Lisbon. The value of the fisheries in 1918 was 20,205,996 escudos, in- cluding sardines, 13,018,082 escudos.
A characteristic industry of Portugal is the manufacture of azulejot or porcelain tiles. This was inherited from the Moors, and tiles are used extensively for interior and exterior decoration of public and private buildings. At Sacavem, near Lisbon, a large factory makes tiles and china- ware. In Peniche, an old fishing village on the coast north of Lisbon, there is a local pillow lace industry, and at Guimaraes famous embroidery is made.
Commerce.
Imports for consumption and exports (exclusive of coin and bullion) for six years : —
Year Imports Exports Tear
Im; oru
Export*
£ £
1913 17,986,222 8,152,222 1916
1914 15,632,222 6,410,900 1918
1915 17.575,112 b,081,333 1919
£ 28,839,766 20,284,200 52,110,675
£ 12,548,000
17,14-
"4.650
The principal articles of imports and exports in 1919, showing quantity and value, were : —
Article
Imports
Artic'e
Exports
Kiloa
Escudos
BH«
■sewta
Coal
604.9091 |
24,621,472
Chemicals .
_:,S9i
Cotton .
12,283,579
Manufactured
Fertilizers .
23,292,265
cork
3,r
1 .4,_S : .
Beans .
5,065,228
Raw cork .
1,462.925
Codfish
31,776,448 I
Raw hide*
1,641
Coffee .
3,020,649
OliTe oil .
■
485,413
Itice
5,592.334
Kosin .
1.661,335
Animal Fats
1,271
Wooden planks
MMN
Rubber
MtwlM
17,^34,434
Raw wool .
-J,128
Sardines
4.:; ,71 -
1,01
i Ton*.
Wine is the staple article of import from Portugal into the United Kingdom, the quantity amounting in 1919 to 12,458,220 gallons, valued at 7,940,5821
