1290
SPAIN
300 miles, is situated at San Fernando (Cadiz). There are also wireless stations at Cartagena and Ferrol.
For 1920 the strength of the navy was fixed at 10,500 sailors and 4,222 marines. Total number of officers in active service in the navy, in- cluding all departmental corps: 1,373. Reserve: 103.
Production and Industry.
Spain is a preponderatingly agricultural country. Of the total number of inhabitants engaging in economic activities, 24*61 per cent, are engaged in agriculture, 0*23 per cent, in hunting and fishing, 0'42 per cent, in mining, 5 '02 per .cent, in manufacture, 073 percent, in transport, 0"74 per cent, in commerce, and 3 - 16 belong to the labouring classes.
Of the soil of Spain 88 '45 per cent, is classed as productive ; of this 35 '5 per cent, is devoted to agriculture and gardens, 2 - 5 vineyards, 2 - 9 olive culture, 25 '3 natural grass, 22 "2 fruits.
The soil is subdivided among a very large number of proprietors. Of 3,426,083 recorded assessments to the property tax, there are 624,920 properties which pay from 1 to 10 reales ; 511,666 from 10 to 20 reales ; 642,377 from 20 to 40 reales; 788,184 from 40 to 100 reales; 416,546 from 100 to 200 reales; 165,202 from 200 to 500 reales; while the rest, to the number of 279,188, are larger estates, charged from 500 to 10,000 reales and upwards. The subdivision of the soil is partly the work of recent years, for in 1800 the number of farms amounted only to 677,520, in the hands of 273,760 proprietors and 403,760 farmers.
The area under the principal crops and the yield (for 3 years) were as follows : —
Area.
Yield.
1918
1919
1920
1918
1919
1920
Acres.
Acres.
Acres.
Cwts.
Cwts.
Cwts.
Wheat .
10,348,537
10,499,667
10,374,712
73,86S,578
70,852,992
76,444,7S8
Barley .
4,258,S92
4,303,887
4,309,310
39,406,852
35,623,758
39,392,050
Oats .
1,524,453
1,613,842
1,600,600
8,840,600
9,555,892
10,966,284
Rye . . .
1,839,752
1,828,935
1,820,395
15,406,774
11,835,142
14,138.252
Maize .
1,182,742
1,193,155
1,181,577
12,204,502
12,982,452
14,068,432
Millet .
5,437
5,302
4,940
42,436
39,856
41,798
Meslln . . . 1
108,822
110,232
107,580
047,728
690,998
681,780
Rice
111,807
113,400
121,287
4,152,908
0,053,800
6,788,790
Beans .
498,385
490,200
189,063
4,012,11(1
3,670,448
Kidney Beans . 1
794,607
790,390
798,435
8,022,040
8,418,998
3,765,424
Peas
138,007
142,315
153,527
747,774
844,788
Chick Peas
502, 207
556,365
607,365
2,334,548
2,371,840
2,798,702
Lentils .
80,937
75,535
82,047
886,998
423,582
505,754
Tares .
457,105 159 47**
480,752
1 Ztl OUR
494,185 104,842
1,748,414 998*699
2,12S,044 1,027,252
2,708,692 1,148,898
Vetches . .
lot ,t'00
In 1920, 3,289,714 acres were under vines(3, 300,965 acres in 1919)and pro- duced 9,576,528,864 pounds of grapes (7,914,252,192 pounds in 1919), yielding ordinary red and white wines tc the extent of 706,756,116 gallons (543,904,788 gallons in 1919). Sherry, nialaga, and generous wines were exported. 3,929,772 acres (1919) under olives yielded 1,818,100 tons of olives and 336,393 tons of oil. Other products are esparto, flax, hemp, pulse ; oranges and hazel nuts are largely exported, and Spain has important industries connected with the preparation ol wine and fruits. Silk culture is carried on in Valencia, Murcia, and other provinces. There are 28 (cane) sugar factories and 46 (beet-root) sugar factories in Spain. The production in 1919 of the former was 6,278 metric tons and of the latter 104,949 metric tons.
