1326
SWITZERLAND
fry of various species to the number of 118,131,000. In 1918 there were 29,377 bee-keepers, possessing an aggregate of 205,934 bees.
Switzerland though in the main an agricultural country, has a strong tendency to manufacturing industry. There are 5 salt-mining districts ; that at Bex ( Vaud) belongs to the Canton, but is worked by a private company ; that at Schweizerhalle (Basel) is worked by the Glenck family ; those at Uheinfelden, Ryburg, and Kaiseraugst (Aargau) are worked by a joint-stock company, in virtue of a concession from the Canton. The output of salt of all kinds in 1919 reached 591,558 quintals (800,953 in 1918). In 1919 there were 9,074 factories in Switzerland (9,317 in 1918). Watch and clock making is an important branch of manufacture ; number of clocks exported in 1919, 17,751,900. The number of persons employed in factories (1918) was 381,170 ; the motive machinery had 515,859 horse-power. In 1918, 98 breweries produced 922,491 hectolitres (20,319,185 gallons) of beer.
On January 1, 1914, there were 1,859 Swiss- embroidery establishments operating 8,090 embroidery machines.
Commerce.
The special commerce, including precious metals, was u follow* in five years : —
— 1916
1917 1918 1919
1920
I £ Import* ... 1 95,140,184
Exports ... 97,905,8S0
£ i £ £ 94,20(5,580 96,078,360 141,835,427 92,918,320 78,526,840 131,923,509
4 169,70S,822 131,084,150
The following table (in thousands of francs) shows the value commerce in 1919 and 1920 : —
of special
Merchandise
Cereals .
Fruits and vegetables
Colonial produce .
Animal food substances
Tobacco
Beverages
Animals, living .
Hides and skins .
Timber .
Cotton goods
Linen, hemp, Ac, goo
Hi Ik goods .
Woollen goods
Clothing, ready made
Mineral substances
Iron work
Copper work
Machinery .
Clocks ..
Chemicals
Urease, oils, Ac. .
Total incl. other merchandise
Imports
1919
1000 Francs 505,529
59,809 279,636 184,906
79,440 140,602
81,689
5l\258
67,695 873,412
98,663 266,511 144,038
43,57:! 807,248
61,093 82,442 550 118,M1 99,646
8,588,886
1920
1000 Francs
352,705
68,697
295,927
208,928
76,876
138,962
42,892
71,442
74,907
- 13!>,328
88,860
618,904
1.S0.447
93,003
573,26-1
33,870
66,886
103,01 '.i
999
191,850 62,889
4, 24 2, 7 'JO
Exports
1919
1000 Francs 12,323 23,741 116,081 41,817 44,492
22,021
7S3,853
703,787
85,884 116,311 35,620 61,688 12,658
300,115 48,178 10,442
3,298,087
1920
1000 Francs 15,4S5
23,182
62,284 23,005
1,143
.330 6,169
711. . -.. I
48,907 66,693 24,181 281,"
SON
88, 1 1,884
3,277,103
In Switzerland, for the majority of imports, the values are axed by a commission on Exports nominated by the Customs department. Uj> to 1891 a single value wa* fixed for each class of goods, but the Commission now takes into account the difference of prices In different countries of origin. For values of exports declarations are, in general, considered
