RELIGION — INSTRUCTION 80S
from 1,109,726 in 1911 to 1,209,975 in 1916; while the rural population has increased from 1,647,350 in 1911 to 1,711,387 in 1916. The population is almost entirely Scandinavian : in 1911. of the inhabitants of Denmark proper, 96 66 per cent, were born in Denmark, 0*07 per cent, were born in the Colonies, - 15 per cent, in Norway, 1*45 per cent, in Sweden, 0'97 per cent, in Sleswig, 47 per cent, in other parts of Germany, and 23 per cent, in other foreign countries. The foreign-born population was thus 3 "27 per cent, of the whole.
The population of the capital, Copenhagen (Kjbbenhavn), in 1916 was 506,390, or with suburbs, 605,772; Aarhuus, 65,858; Odense, 45,303; Aalborg, 38,102; Horsens, 25,149; Randers, 24,428.
The following table gives the total number of births, deaths, and marriage with the surplus of births over deaths, for three years : —
Surplus of Still Births Marriages Deaths Births over
Deaths
1917 70,290 1,782 20,810 39,238 31.052
1913 72,511 1,882 977 39,037 33.474
1919 68,714 1.723 25,073 39,589 29,125
Of the births in 1917, 11*52 per cent were illegitimate ; in 1918, 11-36; in 1919, 10-43. In 1917 there were 1,012 divorces ; in 1918, 1,098 ; in 1919, 1,290.
Emigrants, chiefly to the United States, in 1917, 1,614 : in 1918,793: and in 1919, 3,341.
Religion.
The established religion of Denmark is the Lutheran, which was intro- duced as early as 1536. The affairs of the National Church are under the superintendence of seven bishops, who have no political character. Complete religious toleration is extended to every sect, and no civil disabilities attach to Dissenters.
According to the census of 1911 there were 2,732,792 Protestants, 9,821 Roman Catholics (under a Vicar Apostolic resident in Copenhagen), 256 Greek Catholics, 5,164 Jews, 9,043 other or of no confession.
Instruction.
Elementary education has been widely diffused in Denmark since the be- ginning of the last century, and in 1814 it was made compulsory. Theschool age is from 7 to 14. The public schools, maintained by communal rates, are, with the exception of a few middle-class schools, free. Of public elementary schools there are 3,474 (65 in the capital, 162 in other towns, and 3,247 in rural districts), with 406,000 pupils in the year 1919 ; 6 of these are grammar schools, 82 Mcllemskolcr (middle-class schools), 13 grammar schools ;;re Government schools. Of private schools there are 29 grammar schools and 121 Mellemskoler. These 13 Government schools and 150 private schools, together with other private schools, in 1919 had an attendance of 63,000 pupils. For higher instruction there are furthermore (1919) : a veterinary and agricultural college at Copenhagen with 58 professors and teachers aud about 600 pupils ; 203 technical schools with 23,000 pupils ; 21 training colleges for teachers with 1,600 pupils ; 81 commercial schools with 12,500 pupils ; 21 agricultural or horticultural schools and 58 folkehbj skoler or popular high schools (adult schools with about 9,000 pupils) ; a college of pharmacy (founded 1892) with 10 teachers aud about 80 students ; a school for dentists with 23 teachers and 100 pupils ; a Royal academy of arts
