PRODUCTION AXD INDUSTRY
929
been confirmed by the Reichstag. One or two large ships are in commission with a number of smaller vessels for police, fishing protection, and mine-sweeping purposes. The naval expenditure in 1921. including mine-sweeping, is estimated at 221, 000,000 marks.
Of the former High Sea Fleet of Germany, all the capital ships left afloat have been or will be broken up. The same is the case with the submarines, except that ten have been incorporated in the French Navy, which has also received four of the light cruisers, a flotilla leader, and twelve destroyers. The light cruiser Grandenz and a powerful flotilla leader or scout have been added to the Italian Navy. Brazil and Poland have each been allotted six German torpedo-boats, but these are to be disarmed and used for police purposes.
Production and Industry.
I. Agriculture.
In Germany (except the Mecklenburgs) there is complete free trade in land. Generally speaking, small estates and peasant proprietorship prevail in the West and South German States, while large estates prevail in the north-east.
The subdivision of the soil, according to the latest official returns (1913), was as follows (in acres) : — Arable land, 65,148,000 ; grass, meadows, pasture, 21,760.500 ; vineyards, 296,500 ; woods and forests, 35,558,000 ; all other, 12,811,500.
On June 12, 1907, the total number of agricultural enclosures (including arable land, meadows, cultivated pastures, orchards, and vineyards) each cultivated by one household, was 5,736,082, with an area of 78,665,370 acres, being an average of about 137 acres to each. The total was distributed as follows:—
Under 2'47 acres
•247 to 24-7 acres 24-7 to 247 acres 247 acres & over
Total
2,731,055
2. 30/ -20 | 0S2 23,566
On June 12, 1907, these farms employed 15,169,549 persons ; in the year ending June 12, 1907, the greatest number employed at the same time* was 19,732,424.
The areas under the principal crops, in acres, and the yields, in metric tons (1 metric ton = 2,204 lbs. or "984 an English ton), were for three years as follows : —
Wheat Rve . Barley. Oats . Potatoes Beet . Hay .
Acreage.
Produce (Metric tons).
1919
1918
3,588,395 14.366,302
■ 15,509,647
2,828,150 2,815,1*7
5,451, 9s2
3,4, r .3,lS5
10,813,117
2*806,155
8,109,1SO
13,7X1,065
8,009,080 X.OM'Ma 4,560, 75!
19,460,711 B,888im
•21,414,969
2,1*9,169 6,100,444 1,910,363 4,453,688 21,449,186
2' .(60,606
3,855,065
4,971,800 1,799,713
7,964.024 28,656,436
In 1913 there were within the Empire 196,084,642 fruit trees, comprising 74,375,929 apple-trees, 30,788,886 pear-trees, 64,547,217 plum-trees, 21,390,088 cherry-trees, 769,731 apricot" trees, 2,021,188 peach trees, and "2,191,603 walnut trees. In 1919 the area devoted to vines was 172,907 acres the wine yield 38,307,610 gallons, valued at 1,114,894,079 marks.
