8
found in Japan, because it is imported in very small quality from Europe and used by the Japanese as a much valued hæmostaticum for bloody wounds. The Japanese call it, as we do, ketsu-seki (pron. kis-seki) litt. blood-stone.
The impure, ochry variety is very common in Japan and called Tai-sha-seki, Syn. To-shu, Shu-seki, Shi-shu, Seki-shu. It has much resemblance to our red chalk and is used in Japan chiefly as a medicine and for drawing.
Another still more impure variety, containing some clay, is very soft and powdery. It is quite equal to our red ochre and called Seki-do, Syn. Aka-tsuchi, Ni-tsuchi. It is used as a veterinary medicine.
Tai-sha-seki is found in Mino Akasaka, Owari, Tōtomi Kakekawa, Seki-do occurs at very many places.
5°.—Clay-iron-ore is very common in Japan. Besides the ordinary kind, I have several varieties in my collection. In Japan however it is not used—as in England—in large quantity for the purpose of smelting iron.
Var. A is a kind of tunicated clay-iron-stone (Thonige Spherosiderit), also called in England kidney-form clay-iron-stone. It is called a hydrated sesquioxide, with silicic acid, alumina and some manganic oxide. The kidney form masses have a yellow-brown colour and are often hole. Sometimes they contain petrifactions. It is the same kind of stone, which formerly was used in Europe in pharmacy under the name of Lapis altites. In China and Japan this stone has still a great reputation as a remedy against dysentery. It is named Uyo-riyo, Syn. Tshi-nadango (stone cake), Ko-mochi-ishi, Ha-tai-ishi and is found (according to Ranzan) in Yamato, Satsuma, Chikuzen, Tazima, Noto, Kai, Idzumi, Rechiu, Hinga. Var. B consists of very large masses kidney-form clay iron stone, does however not differ in chemical constitution from the former. It is called by the Japanese: Tai-ichi-uyo-riyo, Syn. Tsubo-ishi (litt. pot-stone), Yoroi-i ishi, Oni-no-tsubate, Fukuro-ishi and is found in Yamato
