696 ARGENTINE KEPUBLIC by the Argentines, but was soon after again invested by the invaders. During the first two months the war was chiefly carried on in Cor- rientes, generally with heavy losses to the Pa- raguayans, who, however, had by Auguet suc- ceeded in taking one or two towns in the adjacent Brazilian province of Rio Grande do Sul. But their advancing army on the river Uruguay, numbering 7,000, was defeated at Yatay, and finally surrendered in Uruguayana to 10,000 Uruguayans and Argentines. In November following the Paraguayan army had evacuated the Argentine territory, and the close of December found the allies, 85,000 strong, at Corrales on the N. shore of Corrien- tes, ready to cross the Parana and carry the war into the heart of Paraguay. Lopez, com- manding in person, was unable to defend his frontiers, and retired northward before supe- rior forces, fighting for every inch of ground. This obstinate defence terminated with the battle of Lomas Valentinas, Dec. 25-27, 1868, having lasted upward of three years. The war continued, however, until March 1, 1870, when Lopez was defeated and killed at Aqui- daban. (See PARAGUAY.) In 1866, in some provinces, especially those bordering upon Pa- raguay and Bolivia, great dissatisfaction with the continuance of the triple alliance and the war had been expressed, and repeated attempts made to induce the separation of some of the northern provinces from the Ar- gentine Republic ; but these disturbances were easily put down. Bolivia, in the same year, protested against the treaty of alliance, assert- ing her right to a part of the Gran Ohaco claimed in the treaty by the Argentine states. On Dec. 10 a convention to reform the consti- tution of the republic met at Santa Fe; the only important measure adopted was the re- newal of the permission to congress to levy du- ties on exports. An insurrection headed by one Videla broke out in Hendoza, San Juan, and La Rioja, for the purpose of separating the interior provinces from the republic ; it was put down in April, but the leaders escaped. The opposition to the war had been increasing in strength, and was vehemently expressed in 1868 by Alsina, governor of Buenos Ayres, who denounced the contest as barbarous, murderous, and fatal. A bill which passed congress in the same year to make Rosario the national capital was vetoed by President Mitre. In April, 1870, a formidable rebellion broke out in Entre- Rios, headed by Gen. Lopez Jordan, the first act of which was to murder Gen. Urquiza, Jordan's father-in-law, sack his palace, and confiscate his property. Two of Urquiza's sons were murdered in Conoordia ; and Jordan, hav- ing forced the state assembly to appoint him governor, issued a proclamation of liberty, and appealed to the national government for immu- nity from punishment. It was not until April, 1871, that the national troops, after immense losses, succeeded in quelling this rebellion. In March, 1871, the city and neighborhood of ARGONAUTS Buenos Ayres were visited by yellow fever; all business was interrupted for several weeks, and the estimated mortality during the 100 days preceding the 30th of April was 26,000. Toward the close of the year a controversy arose between the Argentine Republic and Brazil, the former having protested against alleged breaches by the Brazilians of certain articles of the treaty of alliance of May 1, 1865. But Gen. Mitre brought his negotiations to a successful termination in October, 1872; and the Argentine government was to commence negotiations with Paraguay concerning boun- daries before the end of the year. AKGIVES (Gr. Apyeioi), the inhabitants of Argos or Argolis, in ancient Greece. During the Trojan war they were the most prominent among the Greek tribes, as Agamemnon, the Greek commander-in-chief, was an Argive. For this reason Homer, and following him some of the Roman poets, often use the name Argives as a generic appellation for all Greeks. ARGOL. See TARTAR. ARGOLIS. See ARGOS. ARGONAUT. See NAUTILUS. ARGONAUTS, a name given from that of their ship, the Argo, to a band of heroes of Greek antiquity, who, according to the legend, first navigated unknown and dangerous seas. The poets have given different versions of the tra- dition, but the story generally accepted is briefly as follows. Jason, the son of JEaon, was ordered by his uncle Pelias, king of lolcus in Thessaly (who had been warned by the or- acle to dread his nephew), to capture and bring to him the golden fleece of the ram which had carried Phrixus and Helle when they fled from their stepmother Ino. Phrixus had nailed the fleece to an oak in the grove of Mars in Colchis, where it was watched by a sleepless dragon. Joined by the principal heroes of Greece, whom he had invited to take part in the adventure, Jason set sail from lolcus in the fifty-oared ship Argo, named from Argos, son of Phrixus, who had built it for the expedition. The heroes landed first in Lemnos, where the Lemnian women, who on account of the anger of Venus had slain their husbands, detained them two years. The Doliones, whom they next visited, at first received them hospitably, but afterward, mistaking them for Pelasgians, attacked them ; and Jason in the battle killed their prince. In Mysfa, their next landing place, Hylas, led away by a nymph, and Her- cules and Polyphemus, who were searching for him, were left behind. In the land of the Bebryces King Amycus, who had challenged the heroes to a boxing match, was slain by Pollux. Continuing their voyage, they reached the Symplegades, two floating islands which crushed, in dashing against one another, what- ever came in their way. Availing themselves of an artifice taught them by the seer Phineus and Juno, who acted as their pilot, they let loose a dove, only the tail of which was crush- ed by the colliding rocks, and the Argonauts
