CHAMPAIGN CHAMPE 247 Boulogne in January, 1870. He entered the chamber of peers in 1835, but retired from politics on the fall of Louis Philippe. In 1861 he was French ambassador at Rome. He married a daughter of Count Lagrange. III. Francois Joseph Marie Therese, count de, brother of the preceding, born in Vienna, Sept. 10, 1804. He cooperated with Montalembert and Beugnot in various publications, and in 1869 succeeded Berry er as a member of the French academy. His principal works are VHutoire des Cesars (4 vols., 1841-'3; 2d ed., 1853) and Les Antonir.s (3 vols., 1863 ; 2d ed., 1866). IV. Napoleon Marie de Nompere, count de, brother of the preceding, born in Paris, Oct. 29, 1806. Napoleon was his godfather. He became an advocate, but devoted himself to agriculture. He supported the second empire, and in 1851 was elected deputy for Mor- bihan, and reflected in 1863 and 1869. He has published Traite de la police rrmnicipale, &c. (4 vols., 1844-'61). V. Jerome Paul de Nompere, brother of the preceding, became a member of the legislative body for the department of C6tes-du-Nord in 1853, and was reflected in 1863 and 1869. CHAMPAIGN. I. A W. central county of Ohio, intersected by Mad river; area, about 390 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 24,188. The surface is level or undulating, and the soil fertile. It is traversed by the Cincinnati, Sandusky, and Cleveland, the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and St. Louis, the Atlantic and Great Western, and the Springfield branch of the Cleveland, Co- lumbus, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 724,360 bushels of wheat, 1,280,472 of Indian corn, 244,073 of oats, 74,277 of potatoes, 21,082 tons of hay, 344,401 Ibs. of butter, and 169,060 of wool. There were 7,696 horses, 5,463 milch cows, 8,673 other cattle, 38,103 sheep, and 20,810 swine. There were 15 manufactories of carriages and wagons, 1 of agricultural im- plements, 5 of furniture, 2 of glue, 12 of sad- dlery and harness, 3 of sashes, doors, and blinds, 2 of woollen goods, 20 flour, 3 planing and 20 saw mills, 4 tanneries, and 2 currying establishments. Capital, Urbana. II. An E. central county of Illinois, comprising a part of the Grand Prairie, and watered by several streams ; area, about 880 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 32,737. The surface consists of an open plain of great fertility, interspersed with small clus- ters of trees. It is traversed by the Toledo, Wabash, and Western, the Chicago branch of the Illinois Central, the Indianapolis, Blooming- ton, and Western railroads, and a branch rail- road from Urbana to Decatur. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 245,668 bushels of wheat, 45,752 of rye, 3,924,720 of Indian corn, 721,375 of oats, 266,918 of potatoes, 44,800 tons of hay, 35,273 Ibs. of cheese, 716,430 of butter, 66,986 of wool, and 53,588 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 16,529 horses, 8,565 milch cows, 18,516 other cattle, 17,313 sheep, and 36,384 swine. There were 15 manufactories of car- riages and wagons, 2 of boots and shoes, 6 of bricks, 4 of furniture, 11 of saddlery and harness, 2 of sashes, doors, and blinds, 1 of woollen goods, 1 machine shop, 10 flour and 8 saw mills. Capital, Urbana. CHAMP DE MARS. I. The name given to the annual meetings held by the Frankish tribes who took possession of Gaul during the 5th cen- tury. They were called in Latin Plactia, while the Frankish appellation was Mais. These meetings were sometimes military reviews, or solemn national assemblies, where all the free- men among the Franks gathered to pay homage to the supreme chief of the nation ; sometimes special assemblies of the lords and warriors, called by the king to consult upon some mili- tary expedition, or of the bishops, to take their advice upon some point of general policy, or adjust some interior difficulty. Under the first Carlovingians the time of these meetings was changed from March to May, whence they were called Champ de Mai. II. The name of an immense oblong square, situated on the outskirts of Paris, between the ecole militaire and the Seine, and especially devoted to the drilling of troops and military pageants. It is 3,280 ft. long by 1,640 wide, is flanked by ditches faced with stone, has four rows of trees on each side, and is entered by fiv"e gates. The first great feast of the French revolution, the fete de la federation, was celebrated here. On that occasion, the place not being ready, the population of Paris, of both sexes and all ranks, went to work by night and day, and completed it by the day, July 14, 1790. On July 17 of the following year the place was the scene of a great demonstration against the legislative as- sembly, which ended with a sanguinary dis- persion of the crowd by Lafayette ; in 1793, of the acceptance of the constitutional act voted by the convention; in 1794, of the feast of the Supreme Being, with Robespierre as its lead- ing performer ; in 1796, of the rejoicings on account of the taking of Milan by Bonaparte. On June 1, 1815, Napoleon held here the great assembly, known as the CTiamp de Mai, for the acceptance of the supplementary act to the imperial constitution. Here in 1827 the review was held in consequence of which the Paris national guards were disbanded by Charles X. The republican feast of agriculture and industry was celebrated here in 1848. Louis Napoleon distributed eagles here to the soldiers May 10, 1852, and made a speech to them which was regarded as a prelude to the formal establishment of the second empire. Here was held the universal exposition of 1867. CHAMPE, John, an American soldier, born in Loudon co., Va., in 1752, died in Kentucky near the close of the 18th century. He was selected from Gen. Lee's regiment, by request of Washington, to go to New York as a de- serter and spy, and if possible to seize and bring off Arnold after the execution of Major Andr6. Champe undertook the enterprise, passed the American lines with difficulty, was
