176 IDOCRASE (vol. xiv. of statistical society's "Journal," 1851); Traite du goitre et du cretinisme, by Dr. Niepce (2 vols., Grenoble, 1852) ; " Essay on Idiocy," by Dr. Coldstream (Edinburgh, 1852) ; Die Heilung und VerMtung des Cre- tinismus und ihre neuesten Fortschritte, by Dr. Guggenbuhl (Bern and St. Gall, 1853) ; " Report of Commissioners on Idiocy in Con- necticut" (New Haven, 1856); "Essay on Idiot Instruction," by Dr. Ferd. Kern (Allge- meine Zeitichrift far Psychiatric, 1857); Lie gegenwartige Lage der Gretinen, Blodsinnigen und Idioten in den eTirMlicJien Landern, by Julius Desselhoff (Bonn, 1857); "Report on the Education of Imbecile and Idiotic Chil- dren," by Dr. H. P. Ayres (vol. xiii. of the " Transactions " of the American medical asso- ciation, 1862) ; Uebersicht der offentlichen und privaten Irren und Idioten- Anstalten oiler europaischen Staaten, by Dr. Albrecht Erlen- meyer (Neuwied, 1863) ; " Lunacy and Law, together with Hints on the Treatment of Idi- ots," by F. E. D. Byrne (London, 1864) ; " The Training of Idiotic and Feeble-minded Chil- dren," by Dr. Cheyne Brady (Dublin, 1864); " Idiocy and its Treatment by the Physiological Method," with bibliography, by Dr. Seguin (New York, 1866) ; " New Facts and Remarks concerning Idiocy," by the same (New York, 1870) ; " On Idiocy, especially in its Physical Aspects," by Dr. W. W. Ireland (Edinburgh, reprinted from the " Edinburgh Medical Jour- nal " for January and February, 1874) ; and the annual reports of the various institutions. IDOCRASE (Gr. elSeiv, to resemble, and npiiaif, a mixture), a mineral species of the garnet sec- tion of the silicates, resembling other species in its crystalline forms. It occurs variously colored, as brown, sulphur yellow, green, and blue ; and of vitreous, frequently somewhat resinous lustre. Its hardness is 6-5; specific gravity, 3'35-3'45. It was first observed in the lavas of Vesuvius, and was called Vesu- vian. Numerous localities of it are known in gneiss rocks, serpentine, and granular lime- stone. It is particularly abundant at Parsons- field and Phippsburg, Me., occurring in mas- sive forms as well as in crystals. I1HUA, a mining town of Austria, in the duchy of Carniola, 28 m. N. N. E. of Trieste ; pop. in 1869, 3,960. . The town is in a deep, narrow Alpine valley, on a small river of the same name. Its quicksilver mines are the second in importance in Europe, and in 1871 produced 6,700 cwt., besides about 1,100 cwt. of artificial cinnabar. The rich hepatic mer- curial ore is found in a formation of clay slate forming a bed in compact limestone. The ex- cavations are horizontal galleries diverging from a shaft which has been sunk to a depth of more than 1,000 ft. The entrance is from the Schloss, a building within the town. De- scent is accomplished partly by about 800 steps cut in the rock, and partly by ladders. The miners are a uniformed corps, 500 in number, and the service is eagerly sought for, the high- IGLESIAS DE LA CASA or rate of wages and contingent advantages being balanced against the unhealthiness of the occupation. The mines were discovered in 1497, and are the property of the crown. I Illll KA. See EDOM. IESI. See JESI. IFFLAND, August Wllkelm, a German drama- tist, born in Hanover, April 19, 1759, died in Berlin, Sept. 22, 1814. At the age of 18 he made his debut upon the stage at Gotha, in one of Engel's comedies, in which he took the part of an old Jew. In 1779 he joined the theatrical company at Mannheim, and was the leading actor there when in the latter part of 1781 Schiller put into his hands the manuscript of the "Robbers." The play was produced in the succeeding January, with Iffland in the part of Franz Moor, and the success which at- tended the representation at once brought Schiller into notice, and confirmed the reputa- tion of Iffland. The latter remained in Mann- heim till 1796, when he assumed the direction of the national theatre of Berlin. In 1811 he was appointed general director of all the royal plays, and about the same time made an ex- tended professional tour through Germany. His plays, chiefly of the class known as the do- mestic drama, were very successful in their day, and are still occasionally performed. Among the best of his works are Lie Jdger, Der Spie- ler, and Die Hagestolzen. A collection of 47 of them was published in 16 vols. in Leipsic in 1798-1802, including a memoir of his theatrical career. Volumes containing other pieces were published in 1807-9 and in 1827; and in 1844 his select works appeared. IGLAU, a town of Austria, in Moravia, on the Iglawa, 46 m. W. N. W. of Brunn ; pop. in 1869, 20,112. It consists of the town proper, which is walled, and three suburbs, and con- tains a military school, a gymnasium, and sev- eral charitable institutions. It has manufac- tories of woollen goods, tobacco, glass, and paper, and spinning and dyeing works. On July 5, 1436, the convention was concluded here, by which the emperor Sigismund was ac- knowledged king of Bohemia. IGLESIAS, a town of Sardinia, in the prov- ince and 32 m. W. N. "W. of the city of Cagliari ; pop. about 6,500. It derives its name from its great number of churches. So many gardens adjoin it that the Sardinians call it jiore di mundu (flower of the world). The finest of these gardens is at the Dominican convent. The richest lead mine of the island is on Monte Pone, 1,100 ft. high, 1 m. S. W. of the town. IGLESIAS DE LA CASA, Josef, a Spanish poet, born in Salamanca in 1753, died in 1791. He early published ballads and satirical effusions which made him famous, but his didactic po- ems subsequent to his joining the priesthood were less popular. The best editions of hia works are those of Barcelona (1820) and Paris (1821), and among the later editions there is one in 4 small vols. (1840), which includes a number of poems by other authors.
