Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume V.djvu/36

COINS The following table, compiled from the last report of the director of the mint, exhibits the aggregate United States coinage from the establishment of the mint in 1793 to June 30, 1873:

PERIOD. Gold Coinage. Stiver Coinage. Minor Coinage. Entire Coinage. 1798tolS17 $5,610,957 50 $8,268,295 75 $319,340 28 $14,198,593 58 1818 to 1837 17,839,882 50 40,566,897 15 476,574 30 58,682,858 95 1888 to 1847 49,554,452 50 22,831,719 00 849,676 68 72285848 18 1848 to 1S57 408856176 14 85791.807 63 517222 34 445164706 11 1858 to 1867 408,717,501 97 80,956,287 51 5,752,310 00 440,426099 48 1S63 24,141,235 06 1,592,986 48 1.713,385 00 27 447 606 54 1S69 82,031,126 43 1,575,619 05 1,279055 00 34 885 801 48 1970 29,931,789 78 2,474,653 54 611,445 00 33,017,838 32 1871 84,888,187 12 5,518,501 70 288760 00 40,190598 82 1872 36,198,073 77 18,421,779 87 123020 00 49 887 778 14 1873 55744958 61 9967710 00 494 050 00 66 206 713 61 Total.... $1,097,688,511 22 $172,892,780 28 $11.919.888 55 $1,281,996.180 00

Of the total gold coinage, $280,805,517 85 consisted of bars; the silver bars amounted to $27,770,503 66. The number of gold coins struck was 181,673,669; silver coins, 524,624,186; minor coins, 674,597,467, of which 105,522,000 were five-cent pieces, 26,845,000 three-cent pieces, 45,601,000 two-cent pieces, 488,644,244 one-cent pieces, and 7,985,223 half-cent pieces.—For the process of coinage, see Mint; and for ancient coins, Numismatics.—The subjoined tables exhibit the comparative value of the coins of different countries and ages. The tables of ancient coins are those of Dr. Arbuthnot, whose authority, however, has been called in question. JEWISH COINS.

NAMES AND PROPORTIONS. Vali English money. ein U. S. money. Gerah s.d. OI"/ ieo ll/i 2Sy a 5 14 0% 342 3 9 12 0^ 1 16 6 $ cts. 02-766 27-66 55-32 27 66 1,659 60-9 2 92 8 85 lOBek 20 2 1000 100 600006000 ih Shekel . Maneh, Mina > 50 Hebraica.. ) 8000 60 Talent.... Solidus aureus, or sextula, worth Siclus aureus, worth

GRECIAN COINS.

NAMES AND PROPORTIONS. Value in English money. U. S. money. Lepton

• . d . qrs.

003i/ 336 l/ 4a o o iv >4 2V 12 1 We 2 21/3 5 02 /, 073 182 270 323. $ cts. 00-0466 00-826 00-652 01-305 02-61 05-22 010-44 15-66 81-82 62-64 78-31 7 Chalcus 14 2 Dichalcus 28 4 2 Hemiobolum 56 8 4 2 Obolus 112 16. 8 4 o Diobolum 224 82 16 8 12 4 6 2 ~T Tetrobolum 886 48 24 H D rachma 672 96 48 24 12 6 8 2 Didrachma 1844 1680 192 96 48 24 12 6 4 2 Tetradrachma 240 120 60 80 I 15 7* 5 2* 1 1J Pentadrachma

Of these, the drachma, didrachma, &c., were of silver, the rest for the most part of brass. The drachma is here, with most authors, supposed equal to the denarius; though there is reason to believe that the drachma was somewhat heavier.

The Grecian gold coin was the stater au- s. d. $ cts. reus, weighing 2 Attic drachmas, or half of the stater argenteus, and exchanging usu- ally for 25 Attic drachmas of silver 16 1J 8 91-5 But according to our proportion of gold to silver, it was worth.. Th.-r- wore likewise the stater Cyzicenus exchanging for 28 Attic drachmas, or. ... The stater Philippicus and stater Alexan- drinus were of the same value. The stater Daricus, according to Josephus, was worth 50 Attic drachmas 1 12 <U 7 The stater Croesius was of the same value. 109 18 1 508

ROMAN COINS.

NAMES AND PROPORTIONS. Value in English money. U. S. money. Term 2 ~T 10 20* 40 icius Sem ~T 5 10 20 8. d. qrs. o o o"/iooo l/ioo 8V, 1 83/ 4 8 3V 3 73 tcts. 00-3915 00-788 01-566 03-91 07-83 15-66 bella Libella ITse 5 2 10 4 As stertius Quinarius, or ) Victcriatus f ... 2 Denarius

The denarius and quinarius were of silver; the other coins were also of brass or copper, the three smaller being generally of the base metals.