362 CORNELIS CORNELIUS and of ^Emilia, daughter of L. ^Emilius Paulus, who was killed at Cannae (216 B. 0.). She was of the highest birth in Rome, yet became the wife of T. Sempronius Gracchus, a member of a plebeian family renowned for its popular sympathies and acts. She was the mother of twelve children, only three of whom lived to adult age: Sempronia, who was married to the younger Africanus, and the two famous tribunes, Tiberius and Caius Gracchus. Emi- nent for gravity and virtue, she had a cultiva- ted mind, and was familiar with the language and literature of Greece. After the death of her husband she was a central figure of Roman society, and gathered around her all that was noble, learned, and high-minded in the republic. She refused an offer of marriage from Ptolemy, king of Egypt, and after the murder of Caius Gracchus (121) retired to Misenum, a place much affected by the Roman nobility, and spent several years in the exercise of hospital- ity, and in the society of men of letters. Her house became in after times the residence of Marius and Lucullus, and the emperor Tiberius died there. She survived Caius Gracchus some years, and must have lived to extreme old age. Her character is the purest of any woman's mentioned in the historical period of Rome. 11. A daughter of P. C. Scipio, who was con- sul in 52 B. C. She was married first to Publius Crassus, son of the triumvir, and was left a widow by his death at the battle of Carrhse (53) ; and afterward to Pompey, who when the civil war commenced sent her to Lesbos, which she left, regretted by the peo- ple, after the battle of Pharsalia (48). Accom- panying Pompey in his flight to Egypt, Cornelia was an eye-witness of her husband's murder, after which she fled to Cyprus and thence to Gyrene. CORNELIS, Cornelias, a Dutch artist, born in Haarlem in 1562, died in 1638. He 'received his first instruction from Peter Aertsen the younger, called Long Peter, studied at Ant- werp under Porbus and Coignet, and at the age of 17 departed for Italy. He was com- pelled by the plague to return to Haarlem, where he rose to considerable distinction as a painter of history and portraits. His most celebrated works are the " Company of Arch- ers of Haarlem," containing portraits of the principal members, and the "Deluge," painted for the earl of Leicester. Many of his works are in the galleries of Dresden and Vienna. CORNELIUS, Ellas, D. D., an American clergy- man, born at Somers, Westchester co., N. Y., July 31, 1794, died in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 12, 1832. He graduated at Yale college in 1813, studied theology there under Dr. Dwight, and afterward at Litchfield under Lyman Beecher, was licensed to preach in 1816, and was immediately afterward appointed an agent of the American board of commission- ers for foreign missions. Having been or- dained as an evangelist in 1817, he set out on a mission to the south to raise funds and to es- tablish missions among the Indians. While on his way to the Chickasaw nation he met a band of Cherokees who had with them an Osage girl of five years, whose mother they had killed and scalped. He redeemed the child, provided for her care and education, and wrote a small book, " The Little Osage Girl," which was adopted as a Sunday school book, and had much influence in promoting the cause of Indian missions. In 1819, after declining several other invitations, he was in- stalled as colleague of Dr. Worcester over the Tabernacle church at Salem, Mass., it being stipulated that Dr. Worcester might devote three fourths and Cornelius one fourth of their time to the cause of missions. Dr. Worcester died in 1821, and Mr. Cornelius remained as pastor in Salem till 1826, when he accepted the appointment of secretary of the American education society. In 1829 he received the degree of D. D. from Dartmouth college, and was chosen professor of divinity in that in- stitution. He declined this appointment, and also that of secretary of the American Bible society. Jeremiah Evarts, secretary of the board of commissioners for foreign missions, having died, Dr. Cornelius, in January, 1832, accepted the appointment to that position, and entered upon its duties. But in the following month, while on his way from Boston to New York, he was attacked with a brain fever at Hartford, where he died. Besides the " Little Osage Girl," he published many pamphlets and sermons, but his reputation rests mainly upon his successful efforts in behalf of missions and theological education. A memoir of Cornelius, by B. B. Edwards, was published in 1833. CORNELIUS, Peter YOU, a German painter, born in Diisseldorf, Sept. 16, 1787, died in Berlin, March 6, 1867. His father was inspec- tor of the Dusseldorf gallery, since removed to Munich, and died in somewhat straitened cir- cumstances when Cornelius was 16 years of age. His mother was advised to apprentice him to a goldsmith, but refused to take him from the Dusseldorf academy, where he was pursuing his studies, and he was soon able to contribute to the family support by illustrating almanacs and painting banners. At the age of 19 he received a commission to paint the cupola of the old church at Neuss with colos- sal figures in chiaroscuro. While at Frankfort in 1810 he commenced a series of illustrations to "Faust," which he dedicated to Goethe, and which are still considered among his most successful and original works. The following year he established himself at Rome, where, with the cooperation of Overbeck, Koch, Schnorr, Schadow, and others, he laid the foundation of a new German school. The ar- tistic brotherhood occupied a part of the old convent of St. Isidore, where they pursued their art with an intentness and exclusiveness which fixed upon them the attention of con- temporary painters in Rome, and secured the sympathy of such men as Goethe, Schlegel,
