assessed in 1874 was as follows: horses, 65,789; cattle, 232,132; sheep, 388,241; swine, 72,825.—The number of manufacturing establishments in 1870 was 969, having 88 steam engines of 2,471 horse power, and 236 water wheels of 5,806 horse power; hands employed, 2,884; capital invested, $4,376,849; wages paid during the year, $1,120,173; value of material used, $3,419,756; of products, $6,877,387. The following are the statistics of the principal branches:
| INDUSTRIES. | Number of establishments. |
Hands employed. |
Capital invested. |
Value of products. |
| Awnings and tents | 1 | 3 | $5000 | $56,000 |
| Blacksmithing | 118 | 199 | 90,068 | 286,176 |
| Boots and shoes | 54 | 88 | 44,525 | 98,312 |
| Bread and bakery products | 6 | 19 | 12,770 | 62,345 |
| Carpentering and building | 104 | 248 | 53,395 | 417,152 |
| Clothing | 29 | 80 | 33,430 | 120,700 |
| Flouring and grist mill products | 64 | 165 | 1,116,825 | 1,972,444 |
| Furniture | 28 | 58 | 54,200 | 68,292 |
| Iron castings | 4 | 39 | 28,000 | 65,000 |
| Leather, tanned | 14 | 38 | 35,700 | 73,555 |
| Leather, curried | 10 | 21 | 11,700 | 73,688 |
| Liquors, distilled | 3 | 6 | 13,500 | 10,760 |
| Liquors, malt | 13 | 30 | 52,750 | 74,776 |
| Lumber, planed | 8 | 25 | 40,000 | 57,850 |
| Lumber, sawed | 165 | 692 | 913,262 | 1,014,211 |
| Machinery, not specified | 2 | 7 | 9,000 | 14,360 |
| Machinery, engines and boilers | 6 | 48 | 63,000 | 146,400 |
| Meat, packed beef | 1 | 3 | 10,000 | 37,000 |
| Meat, packed pork. | 1 | 12 | 50,000 | 101,750 |
| Quartz, milled | 4 | 19 | 36,200 | 50,800 |
| Saddlery and harness | 32 | 78 | 112,892 | 131,919 |
| Sash doors and blinds | 13 | 52 | 106,800 | 97,940 |
| Tin, copper, and sheet-iron ware | 23 | 61 | 166,040 | 158,462 |
| Upholstery | 5 | 23 | 95,800 | 127,600 |
| Wheelwrighting | 61 | 98 | 61,142 | 106,435 |
| Woollen goods | 6 | 173 | 380,500 | 492,857 |
Oregon is divided into three customs districts, Southern Oregon (port of entry, Coös bay), Oregon (port of entry, Astoria), and Willa- mette (port of entry, Portland). The commercial statistics for the year ending June 30, 1874, are given in the following table:
| DISTRICTS. | FOREIGN TRADE. | COASTWISE TRADE. | Vessels belonging in the state. | |||||||||
| Value of imports. |
Value of exports. |
ENTRANCES. | CLEARANCES. | ENTRANCES. | CLEARANCES. | |||||||
| No. | Tons. | No. | Tons. | No. | Tons. | No. | Tons. | No. | Tons. | |||
| Oregon | $263 | $705,971 | 1 | 674 | 21 | 14,829 | 150 | 168,794 | 138 | 160,016 | 41 | 2,148 |
| Southern Oregon | ........ | ........ | .. | ...... | .. | ...... | 2 | 246 | 1 | 218 | 6 | 579 |
| Willamette | 490,217 | 1,953,539 | 49 | 25,651 | 75 | 43,661 | 157 | 121,519 | 79 | 83,129 | 61 | 17,769 |
| Total | $490,480 | $2,659,510 | 50 | 26,325 | 96 | 58,490 | 309 | 290,559 | 218 | 243,363 | 108 | 20,496 |
The chief exports were 1,680,837 bushels of wheat, valued at $1,923,351, and 101,847 barrels of flour, valued at $577,016. Of the vessels belonging in the state, 36, tonnage 2,253, were sailing vessels; 60, tonnage 17,111, steamers; and 12, tonnage 1,132, barges. Twelve vessels, tonnage 1,430, were built in the state during the year. There are two lines of railroad (257½ m. in 1874) in operation in the state, the Oregon and California and the Oregon Central. The former runs along the E. bank of the Willamette and through the Umpqua valley, from East Portland to Roseburg, 200 m., and is to be extended thence to the California line, a total distance of 290 m., to connect with the Oregon division of the Central Pacific railroad. The Oregon Central railroad is to extend from Portland along the W. bank of the Willamette to Eugene City, 124 m., and is completed to St. Joseph, 57½ m. There were 427½ m. of telegraph lines in 1874. In that year seven fire and three life insurance companies of other states and countries were doing business in the state, and there was one national bank (at Portland), with a capital of $250,000.—The government of Oregon is exercised by a governor (salary $1,500), a secretary of state ($1,500), and treasurer of state ($800), who are chosen by a plurality of votes for four years. The governor must be a citizen of the United States, 30 years of age, and for three years a resident of the state. The secretary of state is ex officio auditor of public accounts. The governor, secretary of state, and treasurer are eligible for reëlection for any number of terms, though not for more than two successively. A state printer and superintendent of public instruction (salary, $1,500) are chosen by popular vote for four years. The legislature is composed of two branches, a senate of 30 members and a house of representatives of 60 members, and is styled the legislative assembly. Senators and representatives are elected by the qualified voters of the respective counties or districts, the former for four and the latter for two years, one half of the senators retiring every two years. They are apportioned among the different counties and districts according to population, and after each decennial state (commencing in 1865) and federal census a new apportionment is made. Senators and representatives must be citizens of the United States, 21 years of age, and for one year residents of their respective districts or counties. A quorum consists of two thirds of each house, and a two-thirds vote is necessary to set aside the governor's veto. Regular sessions are held biennially, commencing on the second Monday of September of even years. Extra sessions may be called by the governor for any period not exceeding 20 days. Members of each house receive $3 a day (the presiding
