RENI RENVILLE 271 produced in large quantities. The Stuart fam- ily had their earliest known patrimonial inher- itance in the parish of Renfrew in this county. RUM, Guide. See GUIDO RENI. REMELL, James, an English geographer, born near Chudleigh, Devonshire, Nov. 3, 1742, died in London, March 29, 1830. He entered the navy, served in India, became engineer in the East India company's service, distinguished himself in the campaigns of Lord Clive, and was made surveyor general of Bengal, return- ing to England in 1782. In 1795 he assisted Mungo Park in the preparations for his jour- ney in Africa, and afterward contributed geo- graphical illustrations to his travels. He was buried in Westminster abbey. The works by which Rennell is best known are "The Geo- graphical System of Herodotus Examined and Explained " (4to, 1800), and " Observations on the Topography of the Plain of Troy" (4to, 1814). Among his other works are : an atlas of Bengal (1781), and a map of Hindostan, with an explanatory memoir (1783); "Elucidations of African Geography" (l793-'8); "Illustra- .tions of the Expedition of the Younger Cyrus, and the Retreat of the Ten Thousand" (1816) ; " Comparative Geography of Western Asia " (1831); and "An Investigation of the Cur- rents of the Atlantic Ocean" (1832). REMES, a fortified town of France, capital of the department of Ille-et- Vilaine, at the junction of the rivers Ille and Vilaine, 190 m. W. S. W. of Paris ; pop. in 1872, 52,044. The court house is an ancient edifice, in which the estates of Brittany used to meet. There is a library of 45,000 volumes, and also a gallery of art. The town contains an academy with faculties of law, sciences, and literature, a sec- ondary school of medicine, a theological semi- nary, and a normal college. Linen, woollen, leather, and pottery are manufactured. The Vilaine is navigable for barges, and canals lead to Brest, St. Malo, and Nantes. The ancient name of the town was Condate, and the mod- ern appellation of Rennes was derived from an Armorican tribe called by the Romans Re- dones. In the middle ages it was the capital of the Breton dukes, till it became united to France by the marriage of Anne of Brittany to Charles VIII. (See BRITTANY.) It with- stood several sieges, the most remarkable of which was that of the English under the duke of Lancaster (1356), who was obliged to retire after six months. RENNET. See CHEESE, vol. iv., p. 349. RENNIE, John, a British engineer, born at Phantassie, Haddingtonshire, June 7, 1761, died in London, Oct. 16, 1821. He learned the trade of a millwright, studied mathema- tics two years, settled in London in 1783, and engaged in the construction of steam en- gines and machinery. He planned and super- intended the stone bridge at Kelso r below the junction of the Tweed and Teviot, the Water- loo and other bridges over the Thames at Lon- don, the Kennet and Avon canal from Bath 702 VOL. xiv. 18 to Newbury, the London docks, the East and West India docks at Blackwall, the Plymouth breakwater, and many other great works. GEORGE, his aon (1791-1866), also a distin- guished engineer, published "Experiments on the Strength of Materials," " The Frictions of Solids," and "The Frictions of Fluids." Sir JOHN (1794-1874), brother and partner of the preceding, knighted on the opening of the new London bridge in 1831, was the author of " The Theory, Formation, and Construc- tion of British and Foreign Harbors " (2 vols. fol., 1854). RENO, a S. county of Kansas, intersected in the N. E. corner by the Arkansas river, and watered by several of its affluents; area, 1,512 sq. m. It is not included in the census of 1870. Capital, Hutchinson. RENOORD, Antoine Austin, a French bibli- ographer, born in Paris, Sept. 21, 1765, died at St. Valery, Dec. 15, 1853. He was originally a manufacturer of gases, but in 1797 became a bookseller and publisher in Paris, retiring in 1824. His principal works are: Annales de Vimprimerie des Aide (2 vols., 1803), which passed through several editions ; Annales de Vimprimerie des Estienne (1837-'8; 2d ed., 1843) ; and valuable annotated catalogues. RENSSELAER, an E. county of New York, bordering on Vermont and Massachusetts, bounded W. by the Hudson river, and drained by the Hoosick and Little Hoosick rivers, and Kinderhook creek ; area, 690 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 99,549. Two ranges of mountains, the Taghkanick and Petersburg, traverse it from N. to S. ; they have an elevation of from 1,000 to 2,000 ft., with precipitous declivities, stud- ded with numerous small lakes. The soil is generally hard and sterile, but much of it is under cultivation, yielding liberal crops. Sev- eral railroads pass through the county. The chief productions in 1870 were 5,527 bushels of wheat, 187,383 of rye, 211,968 of Indian corn, 717,845 of oats, 49,762 of buckwheat, 1,504,209 of potatoes, 108,214 tons of hay, 235,496 Ibs. of wool, 1,271,128 of butter, 365,- 416 of cheese, 43,286 of hops, 774,773 of flax, and 54,513 of maple sugar. There were 9,372 horses, 16,813 milch cows, 1,358 working oxen, 8,585 other cattle, 54,928 sheep, and 9,276 swine. The county contained 792 manufactur- ing establishments, employing 15,588 hands, and having an invested capital of $12,354,181, with annual products amounting to $28,550,- 306. The principal manufactures are iron and iron ware of many kinds, agricultural imple- ments, bells, cotton and woollen goods, brick, linen and paper collars, carriages and wagons, machinery, marble and stone work, flour, lum- ber, paper, and leather. Capital, Troy. RENVILLE. I. A S. W. county of Minnesota, bounded S. W. by the Minnesota river, and drained by its branches; area, about 1,000 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,219. The surface consists mostly of rolling prairies, and the soil is fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 43,289
