714 THOMAS change, the whole theological faculty of Halle becoming decidedly evangelical. His numer- ous works include Wahre Weihe des Zweiflers (1824; 8th ed. published in 1867 under the title Die Lehre torn Sunder und vom Versohner ; translated into English by Ryland, with an in- troduction by John Pye Smith, "Guido and Julius, the Doctrine of Sin and the Propitia- tor," republished in Boston, 1856) ; Blaten- sammlung am der morgenldndischen Mystik (1825), a collection of translations from the mystic poets of the East; commentaries on the Epistle to the Romans (1824, twice trans- lated into English), the first exegetical fruit of the new evangelical theology; the Gospel of John (1827; translated into English by Kauf- mann, 1836, and by Dr. 0. P. Krauth, Phila- delphia, 1859), less thorough but better adapt- ed for students than his other commentaries ; the sermon on the mount (1833; translated into English by R. L. Brown, Edinburgh, 1860), his most elaborate and valuable exegetical pro- duction; the Epistle to the Hebrews (1836); and the Psalms (1843 ; translated into English, Philadelphia, 1859); Die Glaubwurdiglceit der evangelischen Geschichte (1837), a vindication of the Gospels against the mythical theory of Strauss; Stunden der Andacht (2 vols., 1840 ; 7th ed., 1867), containing several origi- nal hymns; VorgescMchte des Rationalismus (4 vols., Halle, 1853-'62) ; Predigten iiber die Hauptstuclce des christlichen Olaubens vnd Le- lens (5 vols., 3d ed., Gotha, 1863-'4); and Ge- schichte des Rationalismus (parti., Berlin, 1865). His complete works are in 11 vols. (1863-72). THOMAS. I. A S. W. county of Georgia, bor- dering on Florida, and drained by the Ockloc- konee river and its head streams; area, 920 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 14,523, of whom 8,363 were colored. The surface is level and the soil fertile. The Atlantic and Gulf railroad trav- erses it. The chief productions in 1870 were 248,618 bushels of Indian corn, 58,962 of oats, 68,187 of sweet potatoes, 6,092 bales of cotton, 24,022 Ibs. of wool, and 21,378 of rice. There were 907 horses, 1,026 mules and asses, 3,375 milch cows, 7,631 other cattle, 9,805 sheep, and 14,916 swine. Capital, Thomasville. II. An unorganized N". W. county of Kansas ; area, 1,080 sq. m. It is intersected in the north- west by the N. and S. forks of Sappa creek, and contains the sources of Saline river, the N. and S. forks of Solomon river, and Prairie Dog creek. It has a rolling surface and pro- ductive soil, well adapted to stock raising. THOMAS, Charles Louis Ambroise, a French composer, born in Metz, Aug. 5, 1811. In 1828 he was admitted to the conservatory of Paris, where in 1829 he took the first prize for piano playing, and in 1830 for harmony; two years later the academy of fine arts gave him the first prize for musical composition, which entitled him to a course of musical instruction in Italy, where he remained several years. Returning to Paris in 1836, he composed the following operas, which were represented : La double echelle (1837); Leperruquier de la regence (1838) ; La Gypsy, a ballet (1839) ; Le panier fleuri (1839); Carline (1840) ; Le comte de Carmagnola (1841) ; Le guerrillero (1842) ; Angelique et Medor (1843) ; Le cald, a comic opera (1849) ; and Le songe d'une nuit d'ete. His later works are Raymond, La To- nelli, La cour de Celimene, Psyche, Le carnaval de Venise, Mignon (1866), and Hamlet (1868). The last two are the best of this composer's ef- forts, though Hamlet is redeemed from dulness only by the fine music of the fourth act. The opera was written for Mile. Nilsson, who crea- ted the role of Ophelia. He is now (1876) en- gaged upon a grand opera, Francesca da Rimini. THOMAS, Christians of St. See CHRISTIANS OF ST. THOMAS. THOMAS, George Henry, an American soldier, born in Southampton co., Va., July 31, 1816, died in San Francisco, March 28, 1870. He graduated at West Point in 1836, was assigned to the artillery, and served in the Florida war (1840-'42). In the war with Mexico (1846-'8) he was engaged in the defence of Fort Brown, and took part in the battles of Monterey and Buena Vista, being successively brevetted as captain and major. He served in the war against the Seminole Indians in 1849-'50, from 1851 to 1854 was instructor of artillery and cavalry at West Point, and was afterward on frontier duty, principally in California and Texas, till 1860, and was wounded in a skir- mish with the Indians near the head waters of the Brazos. On the outbreak of the civil war he was made colonel of cavalry, and took part in the operations in the valley of the Shenan- doah in the summer of 1861. In August he was made brigadier general of volunteers, and, being in command of a division of the army of the Ohio, took part in the operations in Ten- nessee and Mississippi. He was made major general of volunteers, April 25, 1862, and was engaged in the operations in Alabama, Tennes- see, and Kentucky. During Rosecrans's cam- paign in Tennessee and Georgia he commanded a corps of the army of the Cumberland, and bore an important part in the battle of Mur- freesboro, Dec. 26, 1862, to Jan. 2, 1863, and in that of Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 20, 1863, where his firmness prevented that check from becom- ing a disaster. In October he was placed in command of the department and army of the Cumberland, and was made brigadier general of the regular army. At the battle of Chat- tanooga three divisions of his army gave the finishing blow at Missionary ridge. During Sherman's Atlanta campaign the army of the Cumberland, comprising three corps and .three cavalry divisions, was constantly engaged. In October, 1864, Thomas was sent to Nashville, to concentrate the forces in Tennessee against the invasion of Gen. Hood, whom he finally routed before Nashville, Dec. 15, 16. He was made major general, and received the thanks of congress for his conduct in these operations, March 3, 1865 ; and on the first anniversary of
