FRYER
FULLER
FRYER, John, educator, was born at Hj-the,
Kent, England, Aug. 6, 1839, son of John and
Mary Ann Fryer; grandson of John Rogers and
Sarah Fryer, and liescended from a family of refu-
gees, who came to England from the continent
during the wars of the reformation in the six-
teenth century. He attended Prospect House
academj- in his native place, and St. James school,
Bristol, England, and was graduated from High-
bury college, London, in 1860. He was principal
of St. Paul's college, Hongkong, China, 1801-63;
professor of the English language and literature at
Tung-Wen college, Peking, China, 1863-6.5; head-
master of the Anglo-Chinese .school at Shanghai,
1865-67 ; head of the department for the transla-
tion into Chinese of foreign scientific books at
the Imperial government arsenal at Shanghai,
1867-96, and jirofessor of oriental languages and
literature at the University of California from
1896. He was made an honorary member of the
North China branch of the Royal Asiatic society
of Shanghai in 1866; was honorary secretary of
the Chinese polytechnic institution, Shanghai,
187-1-99, and honorary general editor of the Edu-
cational association of China, 1877-96. He re-
ceived the third degree of the civil brevet rank,
conferred by the Chinese government, in 1873;
the first rank of the third degree of the order of
the Double Dragon in Jiuie, 1899; and the de-
gree LL.D. from Alfred University, New York,
in 1889. He was married in 1864, to Anna Role-
stone, and in 1882 to Eliza A. Nelson, a graduate
and professor of Alfred univei'sity. He is the
author or translator of nearly one hundred
scientific works in the Chinese language, mostly
published by the Chinese government ; the Ednca-
tioniil Directory for China (189.1); and the Vade-
Mi-rum, or Voi:nhu}ar>j of Scientific Terms in
Cliinese and English; besides various other works
in the Chinese and English languages.
FRYER, Pauline Cushman, spy, was born in New Orleans, La., June 10, 1883. During her childhood her father, a Spanish refugee, removed his family to Grand Rapids, Mich., where he be- came an Indian trader, and where his daughter Pauline was brought up with little knowledge of books. After reaching womanhood she made her way to New Y'ork city in search of employ- ment, and subsequently went south as a variety actress. She married Charles C. Dickinson, a Union soldier, who died early in the war. They had four children, all of whom died in one day of diphtheria. In March, 1863, while playing in " The Seven Sisters " at a tlieatre in Louisville, Ky., she was offered a bribe b}' two paroled Con- federate officers, if she would during a perform- ance propose a toast to Jefferson Davis. Her strong Union sentiments prompted her to parry the proposal, and report the incident to Colonel
Moore, the provost marshal at Louisville. He
advised her to give the toast, and that evening
in the course of the play she boldly proposed the
toast '■ Jetf Davis and the Southern Confederacy.
May the South prosper and regain her rights.".
At the close of the performance she was arrested
and taken before Colonel Mooi'e, ostensibly to be
reprimanded. In reality she took the soldiers'
oath of allegiance to the United States, received
official instructions, and thereafter became a
government spy. She lost her position at the
theatre, but remained some time longer in Louis-
ville rendering %-aluable service to the army of
the Cumberland. In April she secured an en-
gagement at Nashville, Tenn., which carried her
nearer the Confederate lines, and in May, she
was sent beyond the lines to gain information of
the sti'ength and movements of the Confederate
forces. While performing this duty she was cap-
tured, and sentenced by court-martial to be shot
as a spy. She was imprisoned at Shelbyville,
Ky., awaiting the time set for her execution,
where she was foimd and released by the Union
forces when they entered that town, after a
hurried evacuation by the Confederates. In
recognition of Iier services she received a majors
commission from the government. For some time
after the war she appeared on the lecture platform
and a few years before her death she married as
her second husband, James Fryer of Arizona.
See her " Life " by F. L. Sarmiento (1865). She
died in San Francisco, Cal., Dec. 2, 1893.
FULLER, Anna, author, was born in Cam- bridge, Mass., Nov. 9, 1853; daughter of Robert Henry and JIary Lucretia (Bent) Fuller. Her an- cestors came from England and .settled in Massa- chusetts between the years 1636 and 1646. She is the author of; Pnilt Portraits (1892) ; A Literai-y Courtship (1893); Peak and Prairie (1894): A Ve- netirin June (1896); One of the Pilgrims (1898), and contriliutions to perioilical literature.
FULLER, Arthur Buckminster, clergyman, was born in Cambridgeport, Mass., Aug. 10, 1822; son of the Hon. Timothy and Margaret (Crane) Fuller, and brother of Sarah Margaret Fuller Ossoli, author. He was prepared for college at Leicester academy and by his sister Margaret, and was gi-aduated at Harvard college in 1843, and at the divinity school in 1847. He was a missionary and teacher in Illinois while pursuing his divinity course, and was pastor of the Unita- rian church, Manchester, N.H., 1848-53; of the New North church, Boston, Mass., 1853-59, and of the church in Watertown, Mass., 1859-61. He was chaplain of the Massachusetts house of rep- resentatives in 1854, and of the senate in 1'860, In August, 1861, he went to the front as chaplain of the 16th Massachusetts volunteers. He was discharged by reason of continued ill health.
