HAMMOND
HAMPTON
resulted in tlie iinprovenient of tlie department
and the inc-reased etiiciency of the lield, camp
and permanent liospital service from a depart-
ment sciircely able to provide for an army of
13,01)0 to one fully competent to handle an army
of 1,000,000 men. He established the army medi-
cal museum through a special order given by
President Lincoln, and suggested the accumula
lion and safe ke:?ping of medical and surgical
records which resulted in the '" Medical and Sur-
gical History of tiie Rebellion." Certain charges
were preferred against him in 1864, of irregulari-
ties in the asvard of liquor contracts, and the sec-
retary of war caused him to be court-martialed
and dismissed the service in August, 1864. Upon
a review of the court-martial proceedings made
by the President, by special act of congress in
1878, Dr. Hammond was restored to his place on
the rolls of the army as surgeon-general and
brigadier-general and lie was placed on the retired
list. He practised medicine in New York city
after 1864. making nervous diseases a specialty.
He held the chair of diseases of the mind and
nervous system created for him in Bellevue hos-
pital medical college, 1867-73, and a similar chair
in the University of the city of New York, medi-
cal department, 1873-82. He was founder of the
New Y'ork post-graduate medical school in 1882,
lecturing before the school on nervous disorders,
and was physician at the New Y'ork state hos-
jjital for diseases of the nervous sj'stem, 1870-78.
He subsequently removed to Washington and
established a sanitarium. He was elected a mem-
ber of the American philosophical society, Oct.
21, 1859. He was twice married: first in 1849 to
Helen, daughter of Michael Nisbit of Philadel-
phia, by whom he had five children ; and secondly
to Esther Dyer Chapin of Providence, R.I.
Among his published works are: Phyf^iolocjical
Memoirs (1863) ; Military Ilyyiene (1863) ; Sleep and
Its Xertous Derangements (1869) ; The Physics and
Physiology of Spiritualism (1870) ; A Treatise on
Diseases of the Xervous System (1871); Insanity in
its Relations to Crime (1873); Ilypercemia (1878);
Fasting Girls (1879); and novels: Robert Severne
(1867); Lai (1884); Dr. Grattan (1884); Mr. Old-
mixon (1885); A Strong Minded Woman (1886);
Tales of Eccentric Life (1886) ; On the Susquehanna
(1887) ; and The Son of Perdition (1898). He died
at " Belcourt," Washington, D C, Jan. 5, 1900.
HAMMOND, William Gardiner, educator, was born in Newport, R.I., May 3, 1^29; son of William and Sarali Tillinglia.st (IBull) Hammond; grandson of William and Alice (Tillinghast) Hammond, and of the Hon. Henrj- and Mary Bull, and a descendant of Joseph Hammond (1690- 11776), who came to America in 1710, and settled 'in North Kingston. R.I. ; of Henry Bull, one of the nine founders of Newport, R.I., and governor
of Rhode Island, 1685-86, and 1690; and of Wil
liam Gardiner and Pardon Tillinghast. William's
father, a lawyer and surveyor of customs at New-
port, personally supervised the education of his
son, who was graduated from Amherst in 1849
with honor. He studied law with Samuel E.
Johnson of Brooklyn, N.Y'., was admitted to the
bar in 1851, formed a partnership with liis ])re-
ceptor and practised in New Y'ork and Brooklyn
until 1856, when he went abroad and .studied
civil and comparative jurisi)rudence at Heidel-
berg, 1856-57. On his return to the United States,
he removed to Iowa, and in 1866 he was married
to Juliet, daugliter of Dr. William Lewis Roberts.
He continued his practice of the law, and in con-
nection with Judges George G. Wright and Ches-
ter C. Cole he started a private law school in Des
Moines, Iowa. In 1868 the school was attached
to the Iowa state university' and Mr. Hammond
was made chancellor of the university law de-
partment and university professor of law. In
1881 he resigned his position to become dean of
the St. Louis law school. He was a prominent
member of the American bar association and
chairman of the committee on legal education in
1887. He received the honorary degree of LL.D.
from the Iowa university in 1870, and from Am-
herst in 1877. He is the author of: A Digt-ft q/
loica Reports (1866); Sandais' Institutes of Jus-
tinian (1875), afterward published separately
under the title System of Legal Classification of
Hale and Blackstone in its Relation to the Civil Law ;
Liebefs Hermeneutics (1890) ; and Blackstone's
Commentaries (1890). He also contributed to lit-
erary and scientific periodicals. He was the
founder of the Western Jurist, its chief editor,
1867-70, and a member of a commission to revise
and codify the statutes of the state of Iowa, 1870-
72. He died in St. Louis, Mo., April 12. 1894.
HAMPTON, Wade, soldier, was born in South Carolina in 1754. He was a partisan officer in the command of Marion and Sumter in the war for Independence, and after the war returned to his plantation and represented his state in the 4th congress, 1795-97, and in the 8th congress. 1803- 05. He was a presidential elector in 1801 voting for Thomas Jefferson and Charles C. Pinckney. In 1808 he joined the U.S. army; was commis- sioned colonel and in February, 1809, lie was pro- moted brigadier-general and was stationed at New Orleans, La. He was superseded by Gen. James Wilkinson in 1812, and commanded a force on the frontier of Canada, being made major- general, March 2, 1813. His force was defeated by Sir George Prevost, Oct. 26, 1813, at Chateau- guay, and by his unwillingness to serve under Wilkinson who had superseded him he defeated the purpose of that general to capture Montreal. He resigned his commission April 6, 1814, and
