PARKER
PARKER
conducted it, 1847-50. During the winter of 1857,
while on a lecturing tour in central New York, he
contracted a severe cold whicli settled on his
lungs, and in January, 1859, he made a voyage to
Santa Cruz for the benefit of his liealth. In May,
1859, he went to Southamjiton and thence to
Switzerland and Rome, where he suffered a relapse
during the wet season, and was taken to Florence,
where lie died and was buried in the cemetery
outside the walls, the Rev. Mr. Cunningham, an
old friend, conducting the funeral service. Busts
were made by William W, Story and Robert
Hart, and in January, 1903, a bronze statue by
Robert Kraus was erected on the lawn of the
First Parish (Unitarian) church at West Rox-
bury by the society. He is the author of : A
Discourse of Matters Pertaining to Religion
(1849); Occasional Sermons and Speeches (2 vols.,
1852); Ten Sermons on Religion (1853); Sermons
on Theism, Atheism and the Pojmlar Tlieology
(1853) ; Additional Speeches and Addresses{2 vols. ,
1855); Trial of Tlieodore Parker for the "■Misde-
meanor of a Speech in Faneuil Hall against
Kidnapping" (1855); Two Christmas Celebrations
and Experience as a Minister (1859) ; a volume of
Praters (1862), and Historic Americans (1870).
His complete works were edited by Frances P.
Cobbe (14 vols., 1863-71), and also Lessons from
the World of Matter and the World of Man, selec-
tions from his unpublished sermons by Rufus
Leighton (1865). His biography was written by
John Weiss (1864), and O. B. Frothingham (1874).
In October, 1900, his name received twenty-one
votes for a place in tlie Hall of Fame for Great
Americans, New York university, being fifth in
" Class G, Preachers and Theologians," number-
ing twenty-six names, of which but three,
Beecher, Channing and Edwards, received a
place. He died in Florence, Italy, May 10, 1860.
PARKER, Willard, surgeon, was born at Hills- borough, N.H.. Sept. 2, 1800; son of Jonathan and Hannah (Clark) Parker ; grandson of Capt. Peter Clark, and a descendant of Abraham Parker, who emigrated from England to Massachusetts Bay colony in 1640, and settled first in Woburn and afterward in Chelmsford, Mass. His parents, who were farmers, removed to Chelmsford in 1805, and he worked on the farm and attended the public school winters until 1829. He taught in the district schools, 1819-22, and was graduated at Harvard, A.B., 1826, A.M., 1829. He taught school in Charlestown, Mass.; attended the lec- tures of Dr. John C. Warren, 1826-27 ; was assistant in the U.S. Marine hospital at Chelsea, Mass, 1827-29 ; studied surgery under Dr. Warren during the winter of 1828-29, and was graduated at Harvard, M.D., in 1830, and at Berkshire Medical college (Mass.) M.D., 1831. He delivered a course of lectures on anatomy in the Vermont
Medical school at Woodstock, 1829-30 ; was pro-
fessor of anatomy and surgery, Colby university,
1830-33, and in the Berkshire Medical college,
1830-33 ; of anatomy and physiology in Geneva
college, 1834-36 ; professor of surgery in the
Cincinnati university, 1836-37 ; visited Europe in
1837 ; settled in New York city in 1839, where he
was connected with the College of Physicians
and Surgeons as professor of surgery, 1839-69,
professor of clinical surgery, 1870-80, and profes-
sor emeritus, 1880-84. He was twice married ;
first, in 1839, to Caroline Allen of Massachusetts,
and secondly, to Henriette Bissell. He instituted
college clinics in 1840, became a visiting surgeon
to Bellevue hospital in 1847, and to the New York
hospital in 1856, in the meantime establishing
a large practice. He became president of the
New York state inebriate asylum in 1865, suc-
ceeding Dr. Valentine Mott, and was a consulting
surgeon to the Roosevelt, St. Luke's and Mt. Sinai
hospitals. He was active in the organization of
the New York Pathological society in 1843 ; of
the hospital for the relief of widows and orphans
of medical men in 1846, and of the New York
Academy of Medicine in 1847, becoming its pres-
ident in 1856. He was also influential in estab-
lishing the New York city board of health, 1864-
66, and served as a member of the board. He was
a member of several scientific societies of the
United States and Europe. He received the
degree LL.D. from the College of New Jersey in
1870. The Willard Parker hospital for contagious
diseases was erected and named in his honor.
His discoveries in practical surgery include the
operation of cystotomy, for the relief of chronic
cystitis, an operation for the cure of abscess of
the appendix vermiformis and one for the la-
ceration of the perineum during parturition.
He was also the first in the country to call atten-
tion to the phenomena of the concussion of the
nerves, as distinguished from that of the nerve-
centres, and to report cases of malignant pustule.
His monographs include : Cystotomy (1850) ;
Spontaneous Fractures (1852); Concussion of
Nerves (1856); On the High Operation for Stone
in the Female (1855) ; Ligature of the Subclavian
Artery (1864), and a lecture on Cancer (1873).
He died in New York city, April 25, 1884.
PARKER, William Harwar, naval officer, was born in New York city, Oct. 8. 1826 ; son of Fox- hall Alexander and Sara (Bogardus) Parker. He was graduated at the U.S. Naval academy in 1748, and was promoted lieutenant in 1855. His brother, Foxhall Alexander Parker (q.v.), was a cpmmander in the U.S. navy during the civil war. William Harwar Parker was dismissed from the U.S. naval service, April 20, 1861, having joined the secession movement in Virginia and accepted a commission as lieutenant commander
