PARKMAN
PARKS
English ancestry. His father served as state
senator, 1878-83. He was graduated from Mc-
Kendree college, B.S., 1868; was superintendent
of schools in Caruii, 111., 1869-70 ; teacher of
mathematics and natural science in Jennings
seminary, 1870-73, and post, graduate student in
Northwestern university, 1873-74. He was pro-
fessor of chemistry and physics in Southern Illi-
nois State Normal university, 1874-97, secretary
of the faculty, 1874-92, and in 1897 was elected
president of the university. He was twice mar-
ried ; first, Dec. 28, 1876. to Julia Fuller Mason,
who died Aug. 6, 1879 ; and secondly, July 30, 1884,
to Mary Alice Raymond. He was an active
member of several educational and religious or-
ganizations. He received from McKendree col-
lege the degree of A.M. in 1874 and that of Ph.
D. in 1897.
PARKMAN, Francis, clergyman, was born in Boston, Mass., June 4, 1788 ; sou of Samuel and Sarah (Rogers) Parkman ; grandson of the Rev. Ebenezer Parkman, and a descendant of Thomas Parkman of Sidmouth, Devonshire, England, and of Elias Parkman, who settled in Dorchester, Mass. , 1633. Ebenezer Parkman was first minister at Westborough, Mass., 1724-82, and the author of " Reformers and Intercessors" (1752); " Conven- tion Sermon " (1761), and a short sketch of West- borough. Samuel Parkman was a wealthy Bos- ton merchant and a liberal benefactor of Harvard college. Francis Parkman was graduated from Harvard, A. B., 1807, A.M., 1810, and studied theol- ogy under the Rev. William E. Channing in Boston, and at Edinburgh university. He was ordained to the Unitarian ministry in December, 1813, and was pastor of the New North church, Boston, Mass., 1813-49. He was married to Car- oline, daughter of Nathaniel Hall of Medford. He founded the professorship of pulpit eloquence and pastoral care at Harvard in 1829 ; was vice- president of the Society for Relief of Aged and Indigent Unitarian Clergymen, 1849-52, and was president of the convention of Unitarian ministers held at Baltimore in 1852. His brother, Dr. George Parkman, Harvard professor, was mur- dered by Prof. John G. Webster. The honorary degree of A.B. was conferred on Francis Parkman by Yale in 1807 and that of D.D. by Harvard in 1834. He is the author of TJie Offering of Sympathy (1829), and of contributions to the North American Review and the Christian Ex- aminer. He died in Boston, Mass., Nov. 12, 1852.
PARKMAN, Francis, historian, was born in Boston, Mass., Sept. 16, 1823: son of the Rev. Francis (q.v.) and Caroline (Hall) Parkman. He attended the school of John Angier, Medford. the Chauncy Hall school in Boston, and was graduat- ed from Harvard, A.B.. 1844, LL.B., 1846. During his freshman year he formed a plan of writing
the history of the French and English rivalry in
America and their relation with the Indian tribes,
and made many journeys in the forests of Maine
and Canada, visiting the places made famous by
the French and Indian war. In 1846 he went to
the Rocky mountains and resided with the west-
ern Sioux and other Indian tribes. The exposure
and fatigue experienced in this research caused
congestion of the brain and threatened blindness,
which followed him through life. He visited
France in 1858, 1868, 1872, 1880-81, in connection
with his historical research. He was professor
of horticulture at Harvard, 1871-72 ; an overseer,
1868-71, and a fellow, 1875-88. He was married in
1850 to Catherine, daughter of Dr. Jacob Bigelow
of Boston, who died in 1858, leaving two daugh-
ters. He %vas vice-president of the Massachusetts
Historical society, to which society he bequeathed
his valuable MSS.; a fellow of the American
Academy of Arts and Sciences ; honorary mem-
ber of the Society of Antiquity, London ; a mem-
ber of the Royal Historical Society of Great
Britain ; of the Literary and Historical Society
of Quebec, and a corresponding member of the
Royal Society of Canada. The honorary degree
of LL.D. was conferred on him by McGill in 1879,
by Williams in 1885 and by Harvard in 1889. He
is the author of : TJie Oregon Trail ; Sketches of
Prairie and Rocky-Mountain Life (1849); The
Conspiracy of Pontiac and the Indian War of
Conquest in Canada (1851); Vassall Morton, a
novel (1856); Book of Roses (1866); and a series
of books entitled France and England in North
America, comprising : Pioneers of France in
the Neiv World (1865); The Jesuits in North
America in the Seventeenth Century (1867); La
Salle and the Discovery of the Great West (1869);
Tlie Old Regime in Canada (1874); Count Fronte-
nac and New France under Louis XIV. (1877);
Montcalm and Wolf (1884). and A Half Centiiry
of Conflict ( 1892) . His life was written by Charles
Haight Farnham (1901). He died at Jamaica
Plain, Boston, Mass., Nov. 8, 1893.
PARKS, Leighton, clergyman, was born in New York city, Feb. 10, 1852 ; son of the Rev. Dr. Martin Phillips and Georgiana Clough (Mabry) Parks, and grandson of Richard Parks of North Carolina and of Louis and (Clough) Mabry of Richmond, Va. He was graduated at the General Theological seminary, New York city, with the Seymour prize for extemporaneous preaching, 1876, receiving his bachelor degree in 1879 ; was admitted to the diaconate in 1876 ; advanced to the priesthood in 1877, and in 1878 became rector of Emmanuel church, Boston, Mass. In 1902 the membership of the church and its missions had increased sixfold. The honorary degree of D.D. was conferred upon him by St. John's college, Md., in 1892 and by Harvard
