THE SECOND BOOK OF THE COURTIER
inscription, N PP V, which signified Nicolaus Papa Quintus;196 and he at once said: 'Alas, bad news; this one says. Nihil Papa Valet.'
49.— "Now you see how elegant and admirable this kind of pleasantry is, and how becoming to a Courtier, whether the thing that is said be true or not; because in such a case it is allowable for a man to fabricate as much as he pleases, without blame; and in speaking the truth, to adorn it with a little falsity, overstating or understating as the occasion requires. But in these matters perfect grace and true cleverness consist in picturing forth what we wish to say, with both word and gesture, so well and with such ease that they who hear may seem to see before their eyes the thing we tell them. And this graphic method is so effective that it sometimes adorns and makes highly amusing a thing that in itself is neither very jocular nor clever.
"And although this kind of narrative requires gesture and the aid of the speaking voice, its quality is sometimes found in written compositions also. Who does not laugh, when, in the Eighth Day of his Decameron,197 Giovanni Boccaccio tells how the priest of Varlungo tried to chant a Kyrie and a Sanctus on discovering that his Belcolore was in the church. There are amusing narratives also in his stories of Calandrino,198 and in many others. Of the same sort seems to be the raising of a laugh by mimicry or imitation, as we say,— wherein I have thus far seen no one more admirable than our friend messer Roberto da Bari."48
50.— "This would be no small praise," said messer Roberto, "if it were true; because I should of course try to imitate the good rather than the bad, and if I could make myself like some men I know, I should deem myself very fortunate. I fear, however, that I know how to imitate only those things which excite laughter, and which you just now said consist essentially in the imperfect."
Messer Bernardo replied:
"Imperfect, yes; but not unpleasantly so. And you must know that this imitation of which we are speaking, cannot be without cleverness; for besides the way of governing words and gestures and setting before our hearers' eyes the face and manners of the man we are speaking of, we must needs be discreet, and pay great heed to the place and time, and to the persons
