14G TlAIALIID.i:. Key to Species a ad Subspecies . A. Crown and crest white. . a. Upper breast white, distinctl}' defined from rufous of lower breast and abdomen G.l. hitcolophus, p. 146. b. Breast white, merging into rufous of abdomen G. I. helawjeri, p. 1 48. c. Breast and entire abdomen white G.l. diardi, p. 148. B. Crest not present, crown not white. d. A well-marked black pectoral band. a' . A black cheek-stripe. a" . Tips to tail white G.p. pecturalis, p. 150. }/'. Tips to tail bull' G.j}. semitorquaia, p. 151. h' . No black cheek-stripe. c" . Tips to tail white G. m. moniliger, p. 151. d'. Tips to tail buff G. m. fuscnta, p. 152. e. No pectoral band. c'. Chin and throat yellow G. (/t/laris, p. 152. d'. Chin and throat white. e". Tail entirely black G. delesserti, p. 149. /'. Tail tipped with white. «'". Darker G. a. albof/ularis, p. 153. h'". I'aler G. a. tvhistleri, p. 154. e'. Chin and tliroat chocolate-brown .. G. strepitans, -p. irA.
(128) Garrulax leucolophus leucolophns.
The Himalayan White-crested Laughing-Thrush.
- Corvus leucolophus Hardw., Trans. Linn. See, xi, p. 208 (1815) (Mt. above Hardwar).
- Garndax leucolopJms. Blanf. & Oates, i, p. 77.
Vernacular names. Raivil- Kaliy (KiwAi iuN.W.P.); Karrio-pho (Lepcha); Karria-fjoha (Bhiitau); Naga-dhaopoolelca (Assam); Dao-flantu (Cachari).
Description. Lores, ear-coverts and round the eye black; the rest of the head to nape and to lower breast pure white, the longest feathers of the crest dark ashy-grey; a ferruginous collar below upper breast merging into the olive-bro^ n of the rest of upper and lower plumage; wings brown, the outer webs of the feathers like the back; tail brown washed with olive-brown; flanks, lower breast and abdomen like the back, but with a tinge of rufous throughout.
Colours of soft parts. Iris red or red-brown; bill horny-black to black; legs and feet slate to fleshy-grey, the soles paler and claws darker; orbital skin dull slate.
Measurements. Length about 300 mm.; wing 132 to 137 mm.; tail about 130 to 135 mm.; tarsus about 45 mm.; culmen about 28 to 30 mm.
Distribution. Himalayas from Simla to North Chin Hills, Kachin Hills and North and Central Burma.
