of the head ashy brown, the shafts of the ear-coverts whitish ; chin and upper throat white streaked with brown, the streaks increasing in number at the sides ; upper breast olivaceous, spotted with black ; middle of lower breast, abdomen, vent, and under tail-coverts white ; sides of breast, sides of body," axillaries, and
under wing-coverts bright orange-ferruginous.
In the male the bill and orbital skin are yellow ; iris deep brown ; legs and feet dusky orange-yellow (Cripps}. In the female the legs, feet, bill, and eyelids are wax-yellow (flume) ; iris deep brown (Scully).
Length about 9; tail 3-3; wing 4-7; tarsus 1-3; bill from gape 1-1.
The synonymy of M. protomomelcena has been determined entirely by a careful perusal of the various original descriptions of the bird, which fortunately are sufficiently in detail to render the identification certain. Judging from Hume's remarks (S. E. ix, p. 103), any appeal to Blyth's types in the Indian Museum on this point must prove useless if not misleading. Blyth applied the name Turdus dissimilis to specimens of both j$f. unicolor aidM.^)rotomomelcena, confounding the two together, and consequently it is advisable to discard this name.
Distribution. I have examined specimens of this Ouzel from Dibrugarh in Assam, the Tipperah hills and Manipur. Blyth appears to have procured it from the neighbourhood of Calcutta, and I know of no other locality for this species, which is probably a constant resident in the above-mentioned places.
Scully (S. E. viii, p. 284) records a specimen of this Ouzel from Nepal, but judging from his description, in which a supercilium is mentioned, and the sides of the breast and flanks are referred to as ferruginous, there can be little doubt that the bird was M. obscura, which Hodgson procured in Nepal, one of his specimens being now in the British Museum.
680. Merula obscura. TJw Dark Ouzel.
Turdus ohscurus, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i ; p. 816 ; Hume fy Dav. S. F. vi, p. 251 ; Hume, Cat. no. 369 his ; id. S. F. xi, p. 130.
Turdus pallens, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. i, p. 457 (1811).
Turdus rufulus, Drap. Diet. Class. (THist. Nat. x, p. 443 (1826) ;
Horsf. $ M. Cat. i, p. 401.
Turdus modestus, Eyton, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 103. Turdus javanicus?, Horsf., Blyth, Cat. p. 161. Geocichla dissimilis (Blyth}, Scully, S. F. viii, p. 284, Merula obscura (Gm.), Seebohm, Cat B. M. v, p. 273 ; Oates, B. B. i, j). 1. Geocichla unicolor (Tick.}, apud Butler, S. F. ix, p. 399.
Coloration. Male. Upper plumage olive-brown : the forehead, crown, and nape in old birds tinged with ashy ; lores black ; a broad white supercilium from the lores to the nape ; chin, a patch at base of bill, and under the eye white ; ear-coverts and the whole throat dark slaty brown ; breast and sides of the body chestnut-brown ;
